Harvesting mechanical energy from traffic environments is an effective way to power low-power wireless sensors. In this paper, a compact mechanical energy harvester (MEH) is designed for common traffic scenarios, converting reciprocating vertical vibrations into unidirectional rotational motion of a generator through the use of two one-way clutches integrated within bevel gears. A nonlinear coupling model is established to analyze the MEH during its engagement and disengagement phases. This paper focuses on the dynamic characteristics under different load conditions and the safety implications of integrating the MEH into railway operations. Laboratory tests are conducted to evaluate the effects of different harmonic excitations on input force, angular velocity, and output voltage, validating the dynamics model and assessing its performance. Experimental results demonstrate that the MEH can achieve an average power of 42.73 W and a peak power of 96.05 W under harmonic excitation. In simulated scenarios, the peak powers that can be obtained in the freight railway scenario and road sidewalk scenario are 44.3 W and 4.92 W, respectively. These findings demonstrate the significant potential of the proposed MEH for powering electronic devices in traffic settings.

中文翻译：

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适用于智能交通中多场景应用的紧凑型机械能量采集器


从交通环境中收集机械能是为低功耗无线传感器供电的有效方法。在本文中，为常见的交通场景设计了一种紧凑型机械能量收集器 （MEH），通过使用集成在锥齿轮内的两个单向离合器，将往复垂直振动转换为发电机的单向旋转运动。建立了非线性耦合模型来分析 MEH 在其接合和脱离阶段。本文重点介绍了不同载荷条件下的动态特性以及将 MEH 集成到铁路运营中的安全影响。进行实验室测试以评估不同谐波激励对输入力、角速度和输出电压的影响，验证动力学模型并评估其性能。实验结果表明，在谐波激励下，MEH 可以达到 42.73 W 的平均功率和 96.05 W 的峰值功率。在仿真场景中，货运铁路场景和公路人行道场景下可以获得的峰值功率分别为 44.3 W 和 4.92 W。这些发现证明了拟议的 MEH 在交通环境中为电子设备供电的巨大潜力。