With the rise of the new energy battery industry, the demand and processing volume of nickel laterite ore—a crucial source of nickel for electrode materials—have steadily increased. This paper systematically reviews the traditional hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical processes used to extract valuable metals such as nickel, cobalt, magnesium, and iron from nickel laterite ore, and briefly discusses the resource utilization of acid leaching residues and ferronickel slag. Finally, it provides an outlook on future trends in nickel laterite ore processing technologies. In hydrometallurgical processes, the simultaneous leaching of impurity elements poses challenges for the recovery of nickel and cobalt, making the efficient and comprehensive recovery of valuable elements a key research focus, with iron extraction from acid leaching residues being a critical strategy. Pyrometallurgical processes face disadvantages in terms of environmental impact and energy consumption. Thus, the future development of pyrometallurgical processes should prioritize energy conservation and emission reduction. The use of renewable resources (such as biomass) and clean energy (such as hydrogen) shows promising potential. In the production of ferronickel or nickel matte, the use of additives can enhance the reduction process but significantly increases slag generation, necessitating effective strategies for resource recovery and utilization.

中文翻译：

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红土镍矿综合利用研究综述


随着新能源电池行业的兴起，作为电极材料镍的重要来源——红土镍矿的需求量和加工量稳步增长。本文系统综述了传统的湿法冶金和火法冶金法从红土镍矿中提取镍、钴、镁、铁等有价金属的工艺，并简要讨论了酸浸残渣和镍铁渣的资源化利用。最后，它对红土镍矿石加工技术的未来趋势进行了展望。在湿法冶金过程中，杂质元素的同步浸出对镍和钴的回收提出了挑战，这使得有价值元素的高效和全面回收成为关键研究重点，从酸浸残渣中提取铁是一项关键策略。火法冶金工艺在环境影响和能源消耗方面面临缺点。因此，火法冶金工艺的未来发展应优先考虑节能减排。可再生资源（如生物质）和清洁能源（如氢能）的使用显示出广阔的潜力。在镍铁或镍锍的生产中，添加剂的使用可以增强还原过程，但会显著增加炉渣的产生，因此需要有效的资源回收和利用策略。