One of the treatment alternatives for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). During this procedure, occupationally exposed individuals (OEIs) remain in the room and, therefore, are exposed to radiation. The objective of this work was to evaluate the equivalent and effective doses that OEIs received from TACE procedure of HCC. The evaluation was carried out by means of conversion coefficients for equivalent (CC[HT]) and effective (CC[E]) doses. The study was conducted based on computer simulation, using the Monte Carlo N-Particle code, version 6.2. An interventional radiology (IR) room was built containing 3 male virtual phantoms (MASH3) to represent the main physician, the assistant, and the patient. The scenarios varied according to the posteroanterior (PA), cranial, 12° (CRA12), caudal, 12° (CAU12) and left anterior oblique, 26° (LAO26) projections and different tube voltage values (70 and 80 kV) with the field size fixed at 35 × 35 cm2. Furthermore, personal protective equipment (PPE) and collective protective equipment (CPE) were incorporated into the scenarios to evaluate the dose reduction on the OIEs. It was observed that the highest dose values received by the OEIs were for the LAO26 projection when an 80 kV tube voltage was applied. The CC[E] values were reduced by up to 95%, while the CC[HT] values saw a reduction of up to 99% with the use of PPEs, for the main physician. Considering the scenario without the use of PPEs, the absolute effective dose received by the main physician was 266.71 μSv and by the assistant 30.29 μSv. When all PPEs and CPEs were used, the effective doses for these professionals were reduced to 24.12 μSv (main physician) and 1.16 μSv (assistant). The significant dose reduction achieved with protective equipment underscores the critical importance of consistently using these devices.

中文翻译：

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肝脏化疗栓塞术期间职业暴露的计算评估


肝细胞癌 （HCC） 的治疗选择之一是经动脉化疗栓塞术 （TACE）。在此过程中，职业暴露个体 （OEI） 留在房间内，因此会受到辐射。这项工作的目的是评估 OEI 从 HCC 的 TACE 手术中接受的等效和有效剂量。评价是通过等效 （CC[HT]） 和有效 （CC[E]） 剂量的转换系数进行的。该研究基于计算机模拟进行，使用 Monte Carlo N-Particle 代码 6.2 版。建造了一个介入放射学 （IR） 室，其中包含 3 个男性虚拟模型 （MASH3），代表主治医生、助理和患者。场景根据后前位 （PA）、颅骨、12° （CRA12）、尾部、12° （CAU12） 和左前斜、26° （LAO26） 投影和不同的管电压值 （70 和 80 kV） 而有所不同，视野大小固定为 35 × 35 cm2。此外，个人防护设备 （PPE） 和集体防护设备 （CPE） 被纳入场景，以评估 OIE 的剂量减少。据观察，当施加 26 kV 管电压时，OEI 接收的最高剂量值是针对 LAO80 投影的。对于主治医生，CC[E] 值降低了高达 95%，而使用 PPE 后，CC[HT] 值降低了高达 99%。考虑到不使用 PPE 的情况，主治医生接受的绝对有效剂量为 266.71 μSv，助理接受的绝对有效剂量为 30.29 μSv。当使用所有 PPE 和 CPE 时，这些专业人员的有效剂量降低到 24.12 μSv（主治医师）和 1.16 μSv（助理）。 使用防护设备实现的剂量显著降低凸显了持续使用这些设备的极端重要性。