Social interactions are influenced by rapid judgements about interaction partners that are assumed to contribute to various behavioral biases. While often negligible in a given instance, such biases can accumulate to contribute to persistent inequities between social groups. Here, we used event-related potentials (ERPs) to determine the extent to which early attention to racial category information during simulated interpersonal interactions contributes to race bias in financial decisions. Undergraduate participants (N = 67; 36 women, 31 men; all White/Non-Hispanic) completed an economic decision-making task in which they decided how much money to invest in a series of male interaction partners (i.e., trustees) who varied in their apparent racial group memberships. Black male trustees received lower investments than White male trustees, replicating prior findings. Of greater interest, an ERP index of attention to trustees' faces predicted racial bias in investments, and was moderated by participants' internalized motivation to respond without prejudice (i.e., a difference score reflecting the extent to which participants' motivation reflected internal [e.g., personal egalitarian values] compared to external [e.g., concerns about social norms] reasons to respond without prejudice). Consistent with motivational models of prejudice control, greater early attention to a trustee's face led to more-biased lending among participants with lower internalized motivation but to less-biased lending among participants with higher internalized motivation. Findings demonstrate a crucial role for within-person variability in attention to race-related cues when interacting with others, along with between-person bias regulation motives, in determining whether attention to race will increase or decrease bias in financial lending.

中文翻译：

---

分享财富：经济决策中与种族歧视相关的神经生理学和激励机制


社交互动受到对互动伙伴的快速判断的影响，这些判断被认为会导致各种行为偏差。虽然在特定情况下通常可以忽略不计，但这种偏见可能会累积起来，导致社会群体之间持续的不平等。在这里，我们使用事件相关电位 （ERP） 来确定在模拟人际互动期间对种族类别信息的早期关注在多大程度上有助于财务决策中的种族偏见。本科生参与者（N = 67;36 名女性，31 名男性;全部为白人/非西班牙裔）完成了一项经济决策任务，在该任务中，他们决定向一系列男性互动伙伴（即受托人）投资多少资金，这些伙伴的明显种族群体成员身份各不相同。黑人男性受托人获得的投资低于白人男性受托人，这与之前的发现相同。更有趣的是，关注受托人面孔的 ERP 指数预测了投资中的种族偏见，并受到参与者不带偏见地回应的内在动机的调节（即，差异分数反映了参与者的动机在多大程度上反映了内部 [例如，个人平等主义价值观] 与外部 [例如，对社会规范的担忧] 无偏见地回应的原因）。与偏见控制的动机模型一致，早期对受托人面孔的更多关注导致内化动机较低的参与者的借贷偏见更多，而内化动机较高的参与者的借贷偏见较少。 研究结果表明，在与他人互动时，人与人之间对种族相关线索的关注度以及人与人之间的偏见调节动机在决定对种族的关注是否会增加或减少金融贷款中的偏见方面起着至关重要的作用。