Antibiotic-recalcitrant infections, defined as the prolonged carriage of pathogenic bacteria even in the presence of antibiotics, are often caused by bacteria that are genetically susceptible to the drug. These recalcitrant bacteria fail to proliferate in the presence of antibiotics but remain viable such that they may recolonize their niche following antibiotic withdrawal. Significant progress has been made in our understanding of antibiotic-recalcitrant Salmonella, which are thought to be the source of infection relapse. In recent years, it has been shown that recalcitrant bacteria manipulate host immune defences and could directly contribute to the spread of antimicrobial resistance. In this Review, we provide an overview of what is currently known about the antibiotic recalcitrance of Salmonella during infection and highlight knowledge gaps requiring additional research in the future.

抗生素顽固性感染，定义为即使在抗生素存在下，病原菌也长时间携带，通常是由遗传上对药物敏感的细菌引起的。这些顽固的细菌在抗生素存在下无法增殖，但仍然存活，因此它们可以在抗生素停用后重新定植其生态位。我们对抗生素顽固性沙门氏菌的理解取得了重大进展，沙门氏菌被认为是感染复发的来源。近年来，研究表明，顽固的细菌会操纵宿主的免疫防御，并可能直接导致抗菌素耐药性的传播。在本综述中，我们概述了目前已知的关于感染期间沙门氏菌抗生素顽固性的知识，并强调了未来需要进一步研究的知识空白。