Codeveloped by the American Heart Association and the American Red Cross, these guidelines represent the first comprehensive update of first aid treatment recommendations since 2010. Incorporating the results of structured evidence reviews from the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation, these guidelines cover first aid treatment for critical and common medical, traumatic, environmental, and toxicological conditions. This update emphasizes the continuous evolution of evidence evaluation and the necessity of adapting educational strategies to local needs and diverse community demographics. Existing guidelines remain relevant unless specifically updated in this publication. Key topics that are new, are substantially revised, or have significant new literature include opioid overdose, bleeding control, open chest wounds, spinal motion restriction, hypothermia, frostbite, presyncope, anaphylaxis, snakebite, oxygen administration, and the use of pulse oximetry in first aid, with the inclusion of pediatric-specific guidance as warranted.

中文翻译：

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2024 年美国心脏协会和美国红十字会急救指南。


这些指南由美国心脏协会和美国红十字会共同制定，是自 2010 年以来对急救治疗建议的首次全面更新。这些指南结合了国际复苏联络委员会的结构化证据审查结果，涵盖了危重和常见医疗、创伤、环境和毒理学状况的急救治疗。本次更新强调了证据评估的不断发展以及根据当地需求和不同社区人口统计数据调整教育策略的必要性。除非在本出版物中特别更新，否则现有指南仍然适用。新的、经过大幅修订的或具有重要新文献的关键主题包括阿片类药物过量、出血控制、开放性胸部伤口、脊髓活动受限、体温过低、冻伤、晕厥先兆、过敏反应、蛇咬伤、氧气管理以及在急救中使用脉搏血氧仪，并根据需要纳入儿科特异性指南。