With the growing demand for sustainable shipping solutions, alternative energy sources and environmental protection technologies have become key areas of research. This study investigates the techno-economic feasibility of using hydrogen and ammonia fuels in fuel cell power systems for coastal and inland waterway vessels. Three system boundary frameworks were developed: one powered by a proton exchange membrane fuel cell using hydrogen, another by a solid oxide fuel cell using ammonia, and a comparative system using a traditional two-stroke diesel engine. A model of a fuel cell power system for coastal and inland waterway routes was developed for the “Han Hai V” container mother ship, considering operational conditions such as docking times, cargo space loss, and load variations on different routes. The model testing was set between Dalian Port and Yantai Port for coastal routes, and between Wuhan Port and Shanghai Port for inland routes. A comprehensive quantitative analysis of fuel consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and economic benefits over the vessel’s lifespan was conducted. The results indicate that the new power system cases can reduce emissions by a maximum of 51.6 million tons on coastal routes and 116 million tons on inland routes. While hydrogen and diesel-powered systems show greater economic benefits in shorter routes, the economic gap between ammonia and these fuels narrows with increasing distances, highlighting ammonia’s potential for long-haul applications.

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评估沿海和内河船舶的燃料电池动力系统：技术和经济角度


随着对可持续航运解决方案的需求不断增长，替代能源和环保技术已成为研究的关键领域。本研究调查了在沿海和内河船舶燃料电池动力系统中使用氢和氨燃料的技术经济可行性。开发了三个系统边界框架：一个由使用氢气的质子交换膜燃料电池提供动力，另一个由使用氨的固体氧化物燃料电池提供动力，以及使用传统二冲程柴油发动机的比较系统。为“汉海五”号集装箱母船开发了用于沿海和内河航道航线的燃料电池动力系统模型，考虑了不同航线的停靠时间、货舱损失和负载变化等运营条件。沿海航线在大连港和烟台港之间，内陆航线在武汉港和上海港之间进行了模型测试。对船舶生命周期内的燃料消耗、温室气体排放和经济效益进行了全面的定量分析。结果表明，新的电力系统案例在沿海航线上最多可减少 5160 万吨排放，在内陆航线上最多可减少 1.16 亿吨排放。虽然氢和柴油动力系统在较短的路线上显示出更大的经济效益，但氨和这些燃料之间的经济差距随着距离的增加而缩小，这凸显了氨在长途应用方面的潜力。