Cellular senescence is a stress response that restrains the growth of aged, damaged or abnormal cells. Thus, senescence has a crucial role in development, tissue maintenance and cancer prevention. However, lingering senescent cells fuel chronic inflammation through the acquisition of a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which contributes to cancer and age-related tissue dysfunction. Recent progress in understanding senescence has spurred interest in the development of approaches to target senescent cells, known as senotherapies. In this Review, we evaluate the status of various types of senotherapies, including senolytics that eliminate senescent cells, senomorphics that suppress the SASP, interventions that mitigate senescence and strategies that harness the immune system to clear senescent cells. We also summarize how these approaches can be combined with cancer therapies, and we discuss the challenges and opportunities in moving senotherapies into clinical practice. Such therapies have the potential to address root causes of age-related diseases and thus open new avenues for preventive therapies and treating multimorbidities.

细胞衰老是一种应激反应，可抑制衰老、受损或异常细胞的生长。因此，衰老在发育、组织维持和癌症预防中起着至关重要的作用。然而，挥之不去的衰老细胞通过获得衰老相关分泌表型 （SASP） 来助长慢性炎症，这会导致癌症和与年龄相关的组织功能障碍。了解衰老的最新进展激发了人们对开发靶向衰老细胞的方法的兴趣，称为 senotherapy。在本综述中，我们评估了各种类型的 senotherapies 的状态，包括消除衰老细胞的 senolytics、抑制 SASP 的 senomorphics、减轻衰老的干预措施以及利用免疫系统清除衰老细胞的策略。我们还总结了这些方法如何与癌症疗法相结合，并讨论了将 senotherapy 转化为临床实践的挑战和机遇。这种疗法有可能解决与年龄相关的疾病的根本原因，从而为预防性治疗和治疗多病共存开辟新的途径。