We use Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) coupled and Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP) climate models, dynamical analyses, and observations to investigate interactions between summer Arctic sea ice concentration (SIC) variations and the Summer North Atlantic Oscillation (SNAO). Observations suggest that SIC-SNAO relationships mainly come from the East Siberian to Arctic Canada (ESAC) region where a weak atmospheric jet stream exists in summer. Twelve CMIP6 models with the most realistic atmospheric climatologies over the North Atlantic and Europe agree well with reanalyses on relationships between SIC and Northern Hemisphere atmospheric circulation. CMIP6 model data indicate that ESAC SIC influences the SNAO with a lead time of several weeks. However, AMIP simulations do not reproduce the observed atmospheric circulation when observed sea ice is prescribed. Rossby wave analyses do though support observed ESAC SIC influences on the SNAO. We conclude that ESAC Arctic SIC modestly influences the SNAO, and such investigations require the use of coupled models.

中文翻译：

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夏季北大西洋涛动、北极海冰和北极急流罗斯比波浪强迫


我们使用耦合模式比较计划第 6 阶段 （CMIP6） 和大气模式比较计划 （AMIP） 气候模式、动力学分析和观测来研究夏季北极海冰浓度 （SIC） 变化与夏季北大西洋涛动 （SNAO） 之间的相互作用。观测表明，SIC-SNAO 关系主要来自东西伯利亚到加拿大北极 （ESAC） 地区，该地区在夏季存在较弱的大气急流。12 个 CMIP6 模式具有北大西洋和欧洲最真实的大气气候，与 SIC 与北半球大气环流之间关系的再分析非常吻合。CMIP6 模型数据表明，ESAC SIC 影响 SNAO 的提前期为数周。然而，当规定观察到的海冰时，AMIP 模拟并不能再现观察到的大气环流。不过，Rossby 波分析确实支持观察到的 ESAC SIC 对 SNAO 的影响。我们得出结论，ESAC Arctic SIC 对 SNAO 影响不大，此类调查需要使用耦合模型。