White matter hyperintensities (WMH) and infarcts found on magnetic resonance imaging (MR infarcts) are common biomarkers of cerebrovascular disease. In this review, we summarize the methods, publications, and conclusions stemming from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) related to these measures. We combine analysis of WMH and MR infarct data from across the three main ADNI cohorts with a review of existing literature discussing new methodologies and scientific findings derived from these data. Although ADNI inclusion criteria were designed to minimize vascular risk factors and disease, data across all the ADNI cohorts found consistent trends of increasing WMH volumes associated with advancing age, female sex, and cognitive impairment. ADNI, initially proposed as a study to investigate biomarkers of AD pathology, has also helped elucidate the impact of asymptomatic cerebrovascular brain injury on cognition within a cohort relatively free of vascular disease. Future ADNI work will emphasize additional vascular biomarkers.

中文翻译：

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ADNI 中 WMH 和梗死的脑血管标志物：历史前景和未来方向


磁共振成像 （MR infarcts） 发现的白质高信号 （WMH） 和梗死是脑血管疾病的常见生物标志物。在这篇综述中，我们总结了与这些措施相关的阿尔茨海默病神经影像学倡议 （ADNI） 的方法、出版物和结论。我们将来自三个主要 ADNI 队列的 WMH 和 MR 梗死数据分析与对现有文献的回顾相结合，讨论从这些数据中得出的新方法和科学发现。尽管 ADNI 纳入标准旨在最大限度地减少血管危险因素和疾病，但所有 ADNI 队列的数据都发现，与年龄增长、女性性别和认知障碍相关的 WMH 体积增加的趋势一致。ADNI 最初被提议作为一项调查 AD 病理生物标志物的研究，也有助于阐明无症状脑血管损伤对相对无血管疾病的队列内认知的影响。未来的 ADNI 工作将强调其他血管生物标志物。