Research on sustainable livelihoods tend to emphasis on objective and macroregional aspects. However, there is space to expand research on the farmers' livelihoods in the context of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization development. This paper uses a field survey on farmers' livelihood efficiency, influencing factors and mechanisms of farmers' livelihood efficiency in the Qinba mountainous areas of southern Shaanxi China. Based on DEA and Tobit approaches, the authors investigate farmer livelihood efficiency and analyze the disparities according to the farm households' socio‐demographics descriptions. Findings of this study show that, livelihood efficiency is a new entry point of sustainable livelihoods for farmers, and currently, the overall livelihood efficiency of farmers in the study area is low, which needs to be further improved. The results also show that the willingness of environmental protection activities, village busses and government financial expenditure have a significant positive impact on the livelihood efficiency, while the abandonment has a significant negative impact on the livelihood efficiency of farmers. These factors have significant differences in the impact of farmers' technical efficiency and scale efficiency. The results further indicate that, utilization and conversion rate of the existing livelihood capital of farmers is low. Livelihood diversification should be stimulated to enhance “livelihood export” and its operation ability of livelihood capital accumulation. The study findings also propose that, there is a need of reform of dual paths to improve the efficiency of farmers' livelihood, and promote farmers' livelihood development with “wide path” and “wide choice.”

中文翻译：

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量化农民的生计效率、区域指标及其影响因素：实施改进的可持续生计框架


关于可持续生计的研究往往强调客观和宏观区域方面。然而，在扶贫和乡村振兴发展的背景下，对农民生计的研究仍有空间扩展。本文对陕南秦巴山区农民生计效率、影响因素及机制进行了实地调查。基于 DEA 和 Tobit 方法，作者调查了农民的生计效率，并根据农户的社会人口统计描述分析了差异。研究结果表明，生计效率是农民可持续生计的新切入点，目前研究区农民整体生计效率较低，有待进一步提高。研究结果还表明，环保活动意愿、乡村公交车和政府财政支出对农户的生计效率有显著的正向影响，而弃置对农户的生计效率有显著的负向影响。这些因素对农户技术效率和规模效率的影响存在显著差异。研究结果进一步表明，农户现有生计资本的利用率和转化率较低。促进民生多元化，提升“民生输出”及其民生资本积累的运行能力。研究结果还提出，需要改革双通道，提高农民生活效率，以“宽路径”和“宽选择”促进农民民生发展。