The decline in male fertility correlates with the global rise in obesity and dyslipidaemia, representing significant public health challenges. High-fat diets induce metabolic alterations, including hypercholesterolaemia, hepatic steatosis and atherosclerosis, with detrimental effects on testicular function. Testicular tissue, critically dependent on lipids for steroidogenesis, is particularly vulnerable to these metabolic disruptions. Excessive lipid accumulation within the testes, including cholesterol, triglycerides and specific fatty acids, disrupts essential sperm production processes such as membrane formation, maturation, energy metabolism and cell signalling. This leads to apoptosis, impaired spermatogenesis, and abnormal sperm morphology and function, ultimately compromising male fertility. During spermiogenesis, round spermatids undergo extensive reorganization, including the formation of the acrosome, manchette and specialized filamentous structures, which are essential for defining the final sperm cell shape. In this Perspective, we examine the impact of high-fat diets on the cytoskeleton of spermatogenic cells and its consequences to identify the mechanisms underlying male infertility associated with dyslipidaemia. Understanding these processes may facilitate the development of therapeutic strategies, such as dietary interventions or natural product supplementation, that aim to address infertility in men with obesity and hypercholesterolaemia. The investigation of cytoskeleton response to lipid stress extends beyond male reproduction, offering insights with broader implications.

男性生育能力的下降与全球肥胖和血脂异常的增加有关，这代表了重大的公共卫生挑战。高脂肪饮食会诱发代谢改变，包括高胆固醇血症、肝脂肪变性和动脉粥样硬化，对睾丸功能产生不利影响。睾丸组织严重依赖脂质进行类固醇生成，特别容易受到这些代谢干扰的影响。睾丸内脂质的过度积累，包括胆固醇、甘油三酯和特定脂肪酸，会破坏精子的基本产生过程，如细胞膜的形成、成熟、能量代谢和细胞信号传导。这会导致细胞凋亡、精子发生受损以及精子形态和功能异常，最终损害男性的生育能力。在精子发生过程中，圆形精子细胞经历广泛的重组，包括顶体、manchette 和特殊丝状结构的形成，这对于定义最终精子细胞形状至关重要。在这个观点中，我们研究了高脂肪饮食对生精细胞细胞骨架的影响及其后果，以确定与血脂异常相关的男性不育症的潜在机制。了解这些过程可能有助于制定治疗策略，例如饮食干预或天然产品补充剂，旨在解决肥胖和高胆固醇血症男性的不育问题。细胞骨架对脂质应激反应的研究超出了雄性生殖的范围，提供了具有更广泛意义的见解。