In this work, a microscopic quantum mechanical model for gravitationally induced decoherence introduced by Blencowe and Xu is investigated in the context of neutrino oscillations. The focus is on the comparison with existing phenomenological models and the physical interpretation of the decoherence parameters in such models. The results show that for neutrino oscillations in vacuum gravitationally induced decoherence can be matched with phenomenological models with decoherence parameters of the form Γ _ij ∼ Δ m ⁴ _ij E ^-2. When matter effects are included, the decoherence parameters exhibit a dependence on the varying matter density across the Earth layers. This behavior can be explained by the nature of the coupling between neutrinos and the gravitational wave environment, as suggested by linearised gravity. On a theoretical level, these different models can be characterised by a different choice of Lindblad operators, with the model with decoherence parameters that do not include matter effects being less suitable from the point of view of linearised gravity. Consequently, in the case of neutrino oscillations in matter, the microscopic model does not agree with many existing phenomenological models that assume constant decoherence parameters in matter. Nonetheless, we identify the KamLAND experimental setup as particularly well-suited to establish the first experimental constraints on the model parameters, namely the neutrino coupling to the gravitational wave environment and its temperature, based on a prior analysis using the phenomenological model.

中文翻译：

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使用微观量子力学模型了解中微子振荡中的引力诱导退相干参数


在这项工作中，Blencowe 和 Xu 在中微子振荡的背景下研究了由 Blencowe 和 Xu 引入的引力诱导退相干的微观量子力学模型。重点是与现有现象学模型的比较以及此类模型中退相干参数的物理解释。结果表明，对于真空中的中微子振荡，引力诱导的退相干可以与退相干参数形式的现象模型相匹配Γ _ij ∼ Δ m⁴ _ij ^E-2。当包括物质效应时，退相干参数表现出对地球层中不同物质密度的依赖性。这种行为可以用中微子和引力波环境之间耦合的性质来解释，正如线性引力所表明的那样。在理论层面上，这些不同的模型可以通过不同的 Lindblad 算子选择来表征，从线性引力的角度来看，具有不包括物质效应的退相干参数的模型不太合适。因此，在物质中中微子振荡的情况下，微观模型与许多现有的现象学模型不一致，这些模型假设物质中的常退相干参数。尽管如此，根据使用现象学模型的先前分析，我们认为 KamLAND 实验设置特别适合建立模型参数的第一个实验约束，即中微子与引力波环境及其温度的耦合。