Superscattering, theoretically predicted in 2010 and experimentally observed in 2019, is an exotic scattering phenomenon of light from subwavelength nanostructures. In principle, superscattering allows for an arbitrarily large total scattering cross section, due to the degenerate resonance of eigenmodes or channels. Consequently, the total scattering cross section of a superscatterer can be significantly enhanced, far exceeding the so-called single-channel limit. Superscattering offers a unique avenue for enhancing light–matter interactions and can enable numerous practical applications, ranging from sensing, light trapping, bioimaging, and communications to optoelectronics. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the recent progress and developments in the superscattering of light, with a specific focus on elucidating its theoretical origins, experimental observations, and manipulations. Moreover, we offer an outlook on future research directions in superscattering, including potential realizations of directional superscattering, scattering-free plasmonic superscattering, enhancement of free-electron radiation and the Purcell effect via superscatterers, inelastic superscattering, and superscattering of non-electromagnetic waves.

中文翻译：

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光的超散射：基本原理和应用


2010 年理论上预测了超级散射，2019 年实验观察到了超散射，它是来自亚波长纳米结构的光的一种奇特散射现象。原则上，由于特征模态或通道的简并共振，超散射允许任意大的总散射截面。因此，超级散射体的总散射截面可以显著增强，远远超过所谓的单通道限制。超散射为增强光与物质的相互作用提供了一种独特的途径，并且可以实现许多实际应用，从传感、光捕获、生物成像和通信到光电子学。本文全面回顾了光超散射的最新进展和发展，特别侧重于阐明其理论起源、实验观察和操作。此外，我们对超散射的未来研究方向进行了展望，包括定向超散射、无散射等离子体超散射、通过超级散射器增强自由电子辐射和普塞尔效应、非弹性超级散射和非电磁波的超散射。