To acquire galactose and mannose, the food and pharmaceutical industries can benefit greatly from the efficient catalytic hydrolysis of the glycosidic linkage in the galactomannan bond found in guar gum. Through surface functionalities and structural characteristics, in this work, we found that an amorphous carbon catalyst functionalized with chlorine and carboxylic acid has glycosidic bond hydrolysis ability. The yield of galactose and mannose is increased by an increase in chlorine functionalities and the amorphous nature of carbon, confirmed by detailed surface advance characterization techniques such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The catalyst’s chlorine functionality provides binding sites and allows the guar gum to interact with carboxylic acid, active sites. At 200 °C for 1.5 h, a high selectivity of 90% for mannose and galactose is achieved. The activated carbon treated with aqua regia exhibits excellent activity and stability for up to four cycles.

中文翻译：

---

为选择性瓜尔豆胶转化定制碳纳米结构：揭示半乳糖和甘露糖生产中结构和表面官能团之间的相互作用


为了获得半乳糖和甘露糖，食品和制药行业可以从瓜尔豆胶中半乳甘露聚糖键中糖苷键的高效催化水解中受益匪浅。通过表面官能团和结构特性，在这项工作中，我们发现用氯和羧酸官能化的无定形碳催化剂具有糖苷键水解能力。半乳糖和甘露糖的产率随着氯官能团和碳的无定形性质的增加而增加，这可以通过详细的表面高级表征技术（如 X 射线光电子能谱和拉曼光谱）得到证实。催化剂的氯官能团提供结合位点，并允许瓜尔豆胶与活性位点羧酸相互作用。在 200 °C 下 1.5 小时，对甘露糖和半乳糖的选择性高达 90%。经 Aqua Regia 处理的活性炭在长达四个循环中表现出优异的活性和稳定性。