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Independence of Lipoprotein(a) and Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol-Mediated Cardiovascular Risk: A Participant-Level Meta-Analysis.
Circulation ( IF 35.5 ) Pub Date : 2024-11-04 , DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.124.069556
Harpreet S Bhatia,Simon Wandel,Peter Willeit,Anastasia Lesogor,Keith Bailey,Paul M Ridker,Paul Nestel,John Simes,Andrew Tonkin,Gregory G Schwartz,Helen Colhoun,Christoph Wanner,Sotirios Tsimikas

BACKGROUND Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]) levels are independently associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). However, the relationship between Lp(a) level, LDL-C level, and ASCVD risk at different thresholds is not well defined. METHODS A participant-level meta-analysis of 27 658 participants enrolled in 6 placebo-controlled statin trials was performed to assess the association of LDL-C and Lp(a) levels with risk of fatal or nonfatal coronary heart disease events, stroke, or any coronary or carotid revascularization (ASCVD). The multivariable-adjusted association between baseline Lp(a) level and ASCVD risk was modeled continuously using generalized additive models, and the association between baseline LDL-C level and ASCVD risk by baseline Lp(a) level by Cox proportional hazards models with random effects. The joint association between Lp(a) level and statin-achieved LDL-C level with ASCVD risk was evaluated using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS Compared with an Lp(a) level of 5 mg/dL, increasing levels of Lp(a) were log-linearly associated with ASCVD risk in statin- and placebo-treated patients. Among statin-treated individuals, those with Lp(a) level >50 mg/dL (≈125 nmol/L) had increased risk across all quartiles of achieved LDL-C level and absolute change in LDL-C level. Even among those with the lowest quartile of achieved LDL-C level (3.1-77.0 mg/dL), those with Lp(a) level >50 mg/dL had greater ASCVD risk (hazard ratio, 1.38 [95% CI, 1.06-1.79]) than those with Lp(a) level ≤50 mg/dL. The greatest risk was observed with both Lp(a) level >50 mg/dL and LDL-C level in the fourth quartile (hazard ratio, 1.90 [95% CI, 1.46-2.48]). CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate the independent and additive nature of Lp(a) and LDL-C levels for ASCVD risk, and that LDL-C lowering does not fully offset Lp(a)-mediated risk.

中文翻译:


脂蛋白 (a) 和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇介导的心血管风险的独立性:参与者级别的荟萃分析。



背景 低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL-C) 和脂蛋白 (a) (Lp[a]) 水平与动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病 (ASCVD) 独立相关。然而,不同阈值的 Lp(a) 水平、LDL-C 水平和 ASCVD 风险之间的关系尚不明确。方法 对参加 6 项安慰剂对照他汀类药物试验的 27 658 名参与者进行了参与者级别的荟萃分析,以评估 LDL-C 和 Lp(a) 水平与致命或非致命性冠心病事件、中风或任何冠状动脉或颈动脉血运重建 (ASCVD) 风险的关联。使用广义加法模型连续建模基线 Lp(a) 水平与 ASCVD 风险之间的多变量调整关联,通过具有随机效应的 Cox 比例风险模型通过基线 Lp(a) 水平对基线 LDL-C 水平与 ASCVD 风险之间的关联进行建模。使用 Cox 比例风险模型评估 Lp(a) 水平和他汀类药物达到的 LDL-C 水平与 ASCVD 风险之间的联合关联。结果 与 5 mg/dL 的 Lp(a) 水平相比,在他汀类和安慰剂治疗患者中,Lp(a) 水平的增加与 ASCVD 风险呈对数线性相关。在他汀类药物治疗的个体中,Lp(a) 水平 >50 mg/dL (≈125 nmol/L) 的患者在达到 LDL-C 水平和 LDL-C 水平绝对变化的所有四分位数中的风险增加。即使在达到 LDL-C 水平 (3.1-77.0 mg/dL) 最低四分位数的患者中,Lp(a) 水平 >50 mg/dL 的患者也比 Lp(a) 水平 ≤50 mg/dL 的患者具有更高的 ASCVD 风险 (风险比,1.38 [95% CI,1.06-1.79])。在第四个四分位数中,Lp(a) 水平 >50 mg/dL 和 LDL-C 水平的风险最大 (风险比,1.90 [95% CI,1.46-2.48])。 结论这些发现证明了 Lp(a) 和 LDL-C 水平对 ASCVD 风险的独立性和附加性,并且 LDL-C 降低并不能完全抵消 Lp(a) 介导的风险。
更新日期:2024-11-04
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