Precision oncology tailors treatment strategies to a patient’s molecular and health data. Despite the essential clinical value of current diagnostic methods, hematoxylin and eosin morphology, immunohistochemistry, and gene panel sequencing offer an incomplete characterization. In contrast, highly multiplexed tissue imaging allows spatial analysis of dozens of markers at single-cell resolution enabling analysis of complex tumor ecosystems; thereby it has the potential to advance our understanding of cancer biology and supports drug development, biomarker discovery, and patient stratification. We describe available highly multiplexed imaging modalities, discuss their advantages and disadvantages for clinical use, and potential paths to implement these into clinical practice. Significance: This review provides guidance on how high-resolution, multiplexed tissue imaging of patient samples can be integrated into clinical workflows. It systematically compares existing and emerging technologies and outlines potential applications in the field of precision oncology, thereby bridging the ever-evolving landscape of cancer research with practical implementation possibilities of highly multiplexed tissue imaging into routine clinical practice.

中文翻译：

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精准肿瘤学和转化癌症研究中的高度多重组织成像


精准肿瘤学根据患者的分子和健康数据定制治疗策略。尽管目前的诊断方法具有重要的临床价值，但苏木精和伊红形态学、免疫组化和基因面板测序的特征并不完整。相比之下，高度多重组织成像允许以单细胞分辨率对数十种标志物进行空间分析，从而能够分析复杂的肿瘤生态系统;因此，它有可能促进我们对癌症生物学的理解，并支持药物开发、生物标志物发现和患者分层。我们描述了可用的高度多重成像模式，讨论了它们在临床应用中的优缺点，以及将这些模式实施到临床实践中的潜在途径。意义： 本综述为如何将患者样本的高分辨率、多重组织成像整合到临床工作流程中提供了指导。它系统地比较了现有和新兴技术，并概述了精准肿瘤学领域的潜在应用，从而将不断发展的癌症研究格局与高度多重组织成像在常规临床实践中的实际实施可能性联系起来。