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HBV RNA as a Biomarker for Safe Antiviral Discontinuation: A Prospective Study of Nucleos(t)ide Analogue Withdrawal
The Journal of Infectious Diseases ( IF 5.0 ) Pub Date : 2024-10-31 , DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiae541
Norah A Terrault, Richard Sterling, Anna S Lok, Marc G Ghany, Jordan J Feld, Gavin Cloherty, Abdus S Wahed, Xue Yang

Introduction Withdrawal of nucleos(t)ide analog (NA) therapy is associated with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss and sustained, off-therapy partial cure (normal ALT [≤30 U/L males, ≤20 U/L females) with HBV DNA <2000 IU/mL) but should be offered only to those most likely to benefit. HBVRNA may be useful for risk stratification. Methods The Hepatitis B Research Network Immune-Active Trial prospectively evaluated treatment with tenofovir (TDF) for 192 weeks ± peginterferon-α (PegIFN) for initial 24 weeks followed by protocolized withdrawal of TDF amongst eligible participants (NCT01369212). HBV RNA was evaluated as predictor of ALT flares and sustained partial cure (HBV DNA<2000 IU/mL) 48 weeks after TDF withdrawal. Results Of 93 participants discontinuing TDF (52 in TDF+PegIFN and 41 in TDF alone), 52 (55.9%) had unquantifiable HBVRNA at end-of-treatment. ALT flares (>5xULN) at 48 weeks off-therapy occurred in 33.3%, with pre-treatment age (≥35 years) and quantifiable HBV RNA at end-of-treatment, the best predictors (AUROC 0.74 and 0.85, training and test set) of ALT flare. A total of 26 (28.3%) had sustained partial cure; 3 (11.5%) with ALT flare. Non-quantifiable HBVRNA and qHBsAg <100 IU/mL at end-of-treatment were the best predictors of sustained partial cure (AUROC 0.84 and 0.93, training and test set). If HBVRNA was quantifiable at end-of-treatment, the likelihood of sustained partial cure was only 3% whereas if HBV RNA was unquantifiable and qHBsAg <100 IU/mL, this likelihood was 73%. Conclusions HBVRNA is a useful biomarker in predicting likelihood of achieving sustained partial cure and safe withdrawal of NAs.

中文翻译:


HBV RNA 作为安全抗病毒药物停药的生物标志物:核苷(酸)类似物戒断的前瞻性研究



引言 停用核苷(酸)类似物 (NA) 治疗与乙型肝炎表面抗原 (HBsAg) 丢失和持续的、停止治疗的部分治愈(正常 ALT [≤30 U/L 男性,≤20 U/L 女性)与 HBV DNA <2000 IU/mL)相关,但应仅提供给最有可能受益的人。HBVRNA 可能有助于风险分层。方法 乙型肝炎研究网络免疫活性试验前瞻性评估了替诺福韦 (TDF) 治疗 192 周±聚乙二醇干扰素-α (PegIFN) 最初 24 周,然后在符合条件的参与者中方案化停用 TDF (NCT01369212。HBV RNA 被评估为 TDF 停药后 48 周 ALT 耀斑和持续部分治愈的预测因子 (HBV DNA<2000 IU/mL)。结果 在 93 名停用 TDF 的参与者中 (52 名 TDF+PegIFN 和 41 名单独使用 TDF),52 名 (55.9%) 在治疗结束时 HBVRNA 无法量化。停药 48 周时 ALT 耀斑 (>5xULN) 发生率为 33.3%,治疗前年龄 (≥35 岁) 和治疗结束时可量化的 HBV RNA,是 ALT 耀斑的最佳预测因子 (AUROC 0.74 和 0.85,训练和测试集)。共有 26 例 (28.3%) 部分治愈;3 例 (11.5%) 伴有 ALT 发作。治疗结束时不可量化的 HBVRNA 和 qHBsAg <100 IU/mL 是持续部分治愈的最佳预测因子 (AUROC 0.84 和 0.93,训练和测试集)。如果 HBVRNA 在治疗结束时是可量化的,则持续部分治愈的可能性仅为 3%,而如果 HBV RNA 不可量化且 qHBsAg <100 IU/mL,则这种可能性为 73%。结论 HBVRNA 是预测实现持续部分治愈和安全停用 NAs 可能性的有用生物标志物。
更新日期:2024-10-31
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