SummaryReactive oxygen species (ROS) are among the most important signaling molecules, playing a significant role in plant growth, development, and responses to various environmental stresses. Respiratory burst oxidase homologs (RBOHs) are key enzymes in ROS production. Plants tightly regulate the activation and deactivation of RBOHs through various post‐translational modifications (PTMs), including phosphorylation, ubiquitination, S‐nitrosylation, and persulfidation. These PTMs fine‐tune ROS production, ensuring normal plant growth and development while facilitating rapid responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. This review discusses the effects of different PTMs on RBOH function and their biological relevance. Additionally, we examine the evolutionary conservation of PTM sites and emphasize the complex interplay between multiple PTMs regulating RBOHs.

中文翻译：

---

协调 ROS 调控：NADPH 氧化酶中的协调翻译后修饰开关


摘要活性氧 （ROS） 是最重要的信号分子之一，在植物生长、发育和对各种环境胁迫的反应中发挥着重要作用。呼吸爆发氧化酶同源物 （RBOH） 是 ROS 生产中的关键酶。植物通过各种翻译后修饰 （PTM） 严格调节 RBOH 的激活和失活，包括磷酸化、泛素化、S-亚硝基化和过硫化。这些 PTM 微调 ROS 生产，确保植物正常生长和发育，同时促进对非生物和生物胁迫的快速响应。本文讨论了不同 PTMs 对 RBOH 功能的影响及其生物学相关性。此外，我们研究了 PTM 位点的进化保守性，并强调了调节 RBOHs 的多个 PTM 之间的复杂相互作用。