Xenon and argon are currently being evaluated as potential neuroprotective treatments for acquired brain injuries. Xenon has been evaluated clinically as a treatment for brain ischemia with equivocal results in small trials, but argon has not yet undergone clinical evaluation. Several preclinical studies have investigated xenon or argon as treatments in animal models of perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). A systematic review of MEDLINE and Embase databases was performed. After screening of titles, abstracts, and full text, data were extracted from included studies. A pairwise meta-analysis of neuroprotective efficacy was performed using a random effects model. Heterogeneity was investigated using subgroup analysis, funnel plot asymmetry, and Egger's regression. The protocol was prospectively registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022301986). A total of 21 studies met the inclusion criteria. The data extracted included measurements from 1591 animals, involving models of HIE in mice, rats, and pigs. The meta-analysis found that both xenon and argon had significant (P < .0001) neuroprotective efficacies. The summary estimate for xenon was 39.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 28.3%-51.1%) and for argon it was 70.3% (95% CI, 59.0%-81.7%). The summary effect for argon was significantly (P < .001) greater than that of xenon. Our results provide evidence supporting further investigation of xenon and argon as neuroprotective treatments for HIE.

中文翻译：

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氙和氩作为围产期缺氧缺血性脑损伤的神经保护治疗：临床前系统评价和荟萃分析。


氙和氩目前正在评估作为获得性脑损伤的潜在神经保护疗法。氙气已被临床评估为脑缺血的治疗方法，在小型试验中结果模棱两可，但氩气尚未进行临床评估。几项临床前研究调查了氙或氩作为围产期缺氧缺血性脑病 （HIE） 动物模型的治疗方法。对 MEDLINE 和 Embase 数据库进行了系统评价。筛选标题、摘要和全文后，从纳入的研究中提取数据。使用随机效应模型对神经保护功效进行成对荟萃分析。使用亚组分析、漏斗图不对称性和 Egger 回归研究异质性。该方案在 PROSPERO （CRD42022301986） 上前瞻性注册。共有 21 项研究符合纳入标准。提取的数据包括来自 1591 只动物的测量值，涉及小鼠、大鼠和猪的 HIE 模型。荟萃分析发现，氙和氩均具有显著的 （P < .0001） 神经保护功效。氙的总体估计值为 39.7% （95% 置信区间 [CI]，28.3%-51.1%），氩气为 70.3% （95% CI，59.0%-81.7%）。氩气的总效应显著大于氙气 （P < .001）。我们的结果提供了证据，支持进一步研究氙和氩作为 HIE 的神经保护治疗。