Black gram and green gram are important pulse crops in India, but their production has faced fluctuations and stagnancy in yields over the last few decades. The Government of India has implemented several measures to enhance crop yield, including recommending and promoting the adoption of crop‐specific agronomic practices. However, there is limited empirical evidence on the determinants of the adoption of these practices and their impact on yield and income. In this context, this study analyses the determinants of the adoption of climate and plant management practices among black gram and green gram farmers and their impact on yield, crop revenue and net income across four major crop‐producing Indian states using a multinomial endogenous treatment effects model. Our analysis shows that information, contact with government extension services and access to off‐farm activities are crucial in adopting climate and plant management practices. The results strengthen the view that the adoption of knowledge‐intensive practices happens via formal information sources and plot‐level demonstrations. In addition, the results indicate that farmers who experience frequent crop loss exhibit an aversion towards adopting climate and plant management practices. While adopting these practices had a positive impact on crop yield and crop revenue, the impact on net income was observed only in the case of climate management.

中文翻译：

---

农艺实践的采用及其对作物产量和收入的影响：印度黑克和绿克的分析


黑豆和绿豆是印度重要的豆类作物，但在过去几十年中，它们的生产面临波动和产量停滞不前。印度政府实施了多项措施来提高作物产量，包括推荐和促进采用针对特定作物的农艺实践。然而，关于采用这些做法的决定因素及其对产量和收入的影响，经验证据有限。在此背景下，本研究使用多项内生处理效应模型分析了黑豆和绿豆农民采用气候和植物管理做法的决定因素，以及它们对印度四个主要作物生产邦的产量、作物收入和净收入的影响。我们的分析表明，信息、与政府推广服务的联系以及获得非农业活动对于采用气候和植物管理实践至关重要。结果强化了这样一种观点，即知识密集型实践的采用是通过正式的信息来源和地块级演示发生的。此外，结果表明，经常遭受作物损失的农民对采用气候和植物管理措施表现出厌恶。虽然采用这些做法对作物产量和作物收入有积极影响，但对净收入的影响仅在气候管理的情况下观察到。