Asthma is a chronic lung condition that may be affected by numerous medical comorbidities. Such comorbidities can influence the presentation and even the severity of asthma. Alternatively, asthma may be misdiagnosed as a comorbidity when symptoms overlap. Three medical conditions that commonly affect asthma management are gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR), and vocal cord dysfunction/Inducible laryngeal obstruction (VCD/ILO). These conditions can be difficult to distinguish from one another, and from asthma itself. In the following review, the epidemiology, pathophysiology, symptomatology, and diagnostic considerations of each condition in both adult and pediatric populations are discussed. Treatment options, and how such options may influence asthma outcomes, are included. Finally, knowledge gaps are highlighted in each area, as a better understanding of the optimal diagnostic and therapeutic approaches will allow for improved individualized care of asthma patients.

中文翻译：

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胃食管反流病、喉咽反流和声带功能障碍/诱发性喉梗阻 - 影响哮喘的重叠情况。


哮喘是一种慢性肺部疾病，可能受到多种医学合并症的影响。此类合并症会影响哮喘的表现，甚至影响哮喘的严重程度。或者，当症状重叠时，哮喘可能被误诊为合并症。通常影响哮喘管理的三种疾病是胃食管反流病 （GERD）、喉咽反流 （LPR） 和声带功能障碍/诱发喉梗阻 （VCD/ILO）。这些情况可能很难彼此区分，也很难与哮喘本身区分开来。在以下综述中，将讨论成人和儿童人群中每种疾病的流行病学、病理生理学、症状和诊断注意事项。包括治疗选择以及这些选择如何影响哮喘结局。最后，强调了每个领域的知识差距，因为更好地了解最佳诊断和治疗方法将有助于改善哮喘患者的个体化护理。