Wastewater testing can inform public health action as a component of polio outbreak response. During 2022–2023, a total of 7 US jurisdictions (5 states and 2 cities) participated in prospective or retrospective testing of wastewater for poliovirus after a paralytic polio case was identified in New York state. Two distinct vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 viruses were detected in wastewater from New York state and New York City during 2022, representing 2 separate importation events. Of those viruses, 1 resulted in persistent community transmission in multiple New York counties and 1 paralytic case. No poliovirus was detected in the other participating jurisdictions (Connecticut, New Jersey, Michigan, and Illinois and Chicago, IL). The value of routine wastewater surveillance for poliovirus apart from an outbreak is unclear. However, these results highlight the ongoing risk for poliovirus importations into the United States and the need to identify undervaccinated communities and increase vaccination coverage to prevent paralytic polio.

废水检测可以作为脊髓灰质炎疫情应对的一个组成部分，为公共卫生行动提供信息。2022-2023 年期间，在纽约州发现一例麻痹性脊髓灰质炎病例后，共有 7 个美国司法管辖区（5 个州和 2 个城市）参与了废水中脊髓灰质炎病毒的前瞻性或回顾性检测。2022 年，在纽约州和纽约市的废水中检测到两种不同的疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎病毒 2 型病毒，代表 2 起独立的输入事件。在这些病毒中，1 种导致纽约多个县的持续社区传播和 1 例瘫痪病例。在其他参与的司法管辖区（康涅狄格州、新泽西州、密歇根州、伊利诺伊州和伊利诺伊州芝加哥）未检测到脊髓灰质炎病毒。除了疫情爆发之外，脊髓灰质炎病毒的常规废水监测的价值尚不清楚。然而，这些结果凸显了脊髓灰质炎病毒输入美国的持续风险，以及需要确定疫苗接种不足的社区并提高疫苗接种覆盖率以预防麻痹性脊髓灰质炎。