Section snippets

Colorectal Cancer Screening

Despite efforts to increase participation in colorectal cancer screening (CCS) in the United States, rates still fall well below the national goal overall, and particularly for IP.⁴ Universal factors associated with lower CCS within IP include residence in rural communities, lack of health insurance, and limited English proficiency.⁵ There is also heterogeneity in CCS participation among IP racial subgroups. For example, CCS is more common among Japanese persons living in the United States than

Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing globally.¹⁰ Although IP tend to have a lower overall incidence of IBD compared with non-IP, individuals immigrating at younger ages have an increased incidence of IBD as opposed to those who arrive at older ages.¹¹ A single-center US study evaluated IBD characteristics of foreign versus US-born persons and demonstrated an increased frequency of ulcerative colitis and the presence of mild disease in IP.¹² Of note, there is variability

Liver Disease: Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Chronic Hepatitis B Virus

The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the United States is higher among IP than non-IP and has been attributed to the disproportionate burden of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, and higher rates of schistosomiasis and chronic hepatitis C virus infection.¹⁶ Advanced HCC at the time of diagnosis has been observed in some Asian subgroups and African immigrants, but defining this aspect of disease burden is challenging because nativity and immigration status are not available

Unique Populations: Unauthorized Immigrants

As previously noted, data regarding gastroenterology and hepatology care for unauthorized immigrants are sparse, because immigration status is rarely identified in large medical registries. The most well-documented mode of disparity seems to be a lack of access to health insurance. Federally funded affordable health insurance programs limit eligibility based on citizenship and immigration status. A handful of states have attempted to address disparities at the local level by providing

From Concept to Action: Key Initiatives

Strategies to improve care for vulnerable IP must be intentionally targeted and should be designed to address individual, community, institutional, and societal/governmental levels barriers to care.

中文翻译：

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美国移民人群胃肠道健康的差异，以及解决这些差异的策略

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大肠癌筛查

尽管美国努力提高结直肠癌筛查 （CCS） 的参与度，但总体比率仍远低于国家总体目标，尤其是 IP。⁴ 与 IP 中较低的 CCS 相关的普遍因素包括居住在农村社区、缺乏健康保险和英语熟练度有限。⁵ IP 种族亚群体之间 CCS 参与也存在异质性。例如，CCS 在居住在美国的日本人中比

炎症性肠病

炎症性肠病 （IBD） 的患病率在全球范围内不断增加。¹⁰ 尽管与非 IP 相比，IP 的 IBD 总体发病率往往较低，但与年龄较大的人相比，年轻移民的个体患 IBD 的发病率更高。¹¹ 一项美国单中心研究评估了外国和美国出生者的 IBD 特征，并表明溃疡性结肠炎的频率增加，IP 中存在轻度疾病。¹² 值得注意的是，存在可变性

肝病：肝细胞癌和慢性乙型肝炎病毒

在美国，IP 患者的肝细胞癌 （HCC） 发病率高于非 IP，这归因于慢性乙型肝炎病毒 （HBV） 感染的不成比例的负担，以及血吸虫病和慢性丙型肝炎病毒感染的发病率较高。¹⁶ 在一些亚洲亚群和非洲移民中观察到诊断时的晚期 HCC，但定义疾病负担的这一方面具有挑战性，因为无法获得出生和移民身份

独特人群：未经授权的移民

如前所述，关于非法移民的胃肠病学和肝病学护理的数据很少，因为在大型医疗登记处很少确定移民身份。最有据可查的差异模式似乎是缺乏获得健康保险的机会。联邦资助的负担得起的健康保险计划根据公民身份和移民身份限制资格。少数几个州试图通过提供

从概念到行动：关键举措

改善对弱势 IP 的护理的策略必须有意识地有针对性，并且应旨在解决个人、社区、机构和社会/政府层面的护理障碍。