Cognitive symptoms are prevalent across neuropsychiatric disorders, increase distress and impair quality of life. Self-guided digital interventions offer accessibility, scalability, and may overcome the research-to-practice treatment gap. Seventy-six trials with 5214 participants were identified. A random-effects meta-analysis investigated the effects of all digital self-guided interventions, compared to controls, at post-treatment. We found a small-to-moderate positive pooled effect on cognition (k = 71; g = −0.51, 95%CI −0.64 to −0.37; p < 0.00001) and mental health (k = 30; g = −0.41, 95%CI −0.60 to −0.22; p < 0.0001). Positive treatment effects on fatigue (k = 8; g = −0.27, 95%CI −0.53 to −0.02; p = 0.03) and quality of life (k = 22; g = −0.17, 95%CI −0.34 to −0.00; p = 0.04) were only marginally significant. No significant benefit was found for performance on activities of daily living. Results were independent of control groups, treatment duration, risk of bias and delivery format. Self-guided digital transdiagnostic interventions may benefit at least a subset of patients in the short run, yet their impact on non-cognitive outcomes remains uncertain.

认知症状在神经精神疾病中普遍存在，会增加痛苦并损害生活质量。自我指导的数字干预提供了可访问性、可扩展性，并可能克服从研究到实践的治疗差距。确定了 76 项试验，涉及 5214 名受试者。一项随机效应荟萃分析调查了与对照组相比，所有数字自我指导干预在治疗后的效果。我们发现对认知有小到中度的积极汇总效应 （k = 71;g = -0.51,95% CI -0.64 至 -0.37;p < 0.00001） 和心理健康 （k = 30;g = -0.41,95% CI -0.60 至 -0.22;p < 0.0001）。对疲劳的积极治疗效果 （k = 8;g = -0.27,95% CI -0.53 至 -0.02;p = 0.03） 和生活质量 （k = 22;g = -0.17,95% CI -0.34 至 -0.00;p = 0.04）仅略有显著性。未发现对日常生活活动的表现有显著益处。结果与对照组、治疗持续时间、偏倚风险和给药形式无关。自我指导的数字跨诊断干预可能在短期内至少使一部分患者受益，但它们对非认知结局的影响仍不确定。