The stabilization of rhizobacteria communities plays a crucial role in sustaining healthy macrophyte growth. In light of increasing evidence of combined pollution from microplastics (MPs) and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), Selecting typical floating macrophyte as a case, this study explored their impacts using hydroponic simulations and 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. A total of 31 phyla, 77 classes, 172 orders, 237 families, 332 genera, and 125 rhizobacteria species were identified. Proteobacteria (16.19% to 57.70%) was the dominant phylum, followed by Bacteroidota (12.34% to 44.48%) and Firmicutes (11.31% to 36.36%). In terms of α-diversity, polystyrene (PS) MPs and PFASs significantly impacted community abundance (ACE and PD-tree) rather than evenness (Shannon and Pielou) compared to the control. βMNTD and βNTI analyses revealed that PS MPs enhanced deterministic assembly processes driven by F-53B and GenX, while mitigating those induced by PFOA and PFOS. Contamination treatments narrowed the ecological niche breadths at both the phylum (5% (PS) to 49.91% (PS & PFOA)) and genus levels (8% (PS) to 63.96% (PS & PFOA)). Functionally, MPs and PFASs decreased the anaerobic capacity and ammonia nitrogen utilization of rhizosphere bacteria. This study enhances our understanding of the microecological responses of macrophyte-associated bacteria to combined MP and PFAS contamination and offers insights into ecological restoration strategies and mitigating associated environmental risks.

中文翻译：

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Eichhornia crassipes 根际细菌群落对全（多）氟烷基物质和微塑料共应激的生态环境响应


根际细菌群落的稳定在维持大型植物的健康生长中起着至关重要的作用。鉴于越来越多的证据表明微塑料 （MP） 与全氟和多氟烷基物质 （PFAS） 相结合，以典型的漂浮大植物为例，本研究使用水培模拟和 16S rRNA 高通量测序探讨了它们的影响。共鉴定出 31 个门、77 个纲、172 个目、237 个科、332 个属和 125 个根细菌种。变形菌门 （16.19% 至 57.70%） 是优势门，其次是拟杆菌门 （12.34% 至 44.48%） 和厚壁菌门 （11.31% 至 36.36%）。在α多样性方面，与对照相比，聚苯乙烯 （PS） MP 和 PFAS 显著影响群落丰度（ACE 和 PD 树），而不是均匀度（Shannon 和 Pielou）。βMNTD 和 βNTI 分析表明，PS MP 增强了由 F-53B 和 GenX 驱动的确定性组装过程，同时减轻了由 PFOA 和 PFOS 诱导的确定性组装过程。污染处理缩小了门（5% （PS） 至 49.91% （PS & PFOA）） 和属水平 （8% （PS） 至 63.96% （PS & PFOA））的生态位宽度。在功能上，MP 和 PFAS 降低了根际细菌的厌氧能力和氨氮利用率。这项研究增强了我们对大型植物相关细菌对 MP 和 PFAS 联合污染的微生态反应的理解，并为生态恢复策略和减轻相关环境风险提供了见解。