Mg-air batteries, with their high theoretical energy density, low cost, and eco-friendliness, offer broad application prospects. Nonetheless, challenges such as corrosion, uneven dissolution of the Mg anode, and the adherence of discharge products impair the utilization efficiency of Mg anodes and reduce the output voltage of these batteries. The electrolyte plays a pivotal role in the interface structure and electrode reactions within Mg-air batteries, directly affecting their performance. This review focuses on the latest advancements in electrolytes for Mg-air batteries, covering various aspects including aqueous electrolytes and their additives, non-aqueous electrolytes, as well as electrolytes for rechargeable Mg-air batteries, elucidating the underlying mechanisms. In addition, potential avenues for future research in Mg-air battery electrolytes are outlined, providing a comprehensive perspective on the development of high-performance Mg-air batteries.

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镁空气电池电解液研究进展


镁空气电池具有理论能量密度高、成本低、环保等特点，具有广阔的应用前景。尽管如此，腐蚀、Mg 负极溶解不均匀以及放电产物的粘附等挑战会损害 Mg 负极的利用效率并降低这些电池的输出电压。电解质在 Mg-air 电池内部的界面结构和电极反应中起着举足轻重的作用，直接影响其性能。本文重点介绍了镁空气电池电解质的最新进展，包括水性电解质及其添加剂、非水性电解质以及可充电镁空气电池电解质等各个方面，阐明了其潜在机制。此外，概述了 Mg-air 电池电解质未来研究的潜在途径，为高性能 Mg-air 电池的开发提供了全面的视角。