Oropouche virus has recently caused outbreaks in South America and the Caribbean, expanding into areas to which the virus was previously not endemic. This geographic range expansion, in conjunction with the identification of vertical transmission and reports of deaths, has raised concerns about the broader threat this virus represents to the Americas. We review information on Oropouche virus, factors influencing its spread, transmission risk in the United States, and current status of public health response tools. On the basis of available data, the risk for sustained local transmission in the continental United States is considered low because of differences in vector ecology and in human–vector interactions when compared with Oropouche virus–endemic areas. However, more information is needed about the drivers for the current outbreak to clarify the risk for further expansion of this virus. Timely detection and control of this emerging pathogen should be prioritized to mitigate disease burden and stop its spread.

Oropouche 病毒最近在南美洲和加勒比地区引起了疫情，并扩展到该病毒以前未流行的地区。这种地理范围的扩大，加上垂直传播的确定和死亡报告，引发了人们对这种病毒对美洲构成的更广泛威胁的担忧。我们回顾了有关 Oropouche 病毒的信息、影响其传播的因素、在美国的传播风险以及公共卫生应对工具的现状。根据现有数据，由于与 Oropouche 病毒流行地区相比，媒介生态学和人与媒介相互作用存在差异，因此美国大陆持续本地传播的风险被认为较低。然而，需要更多关于当前疫情驱动因素的信息，以阐明这种病毒进一步扩大的风险。应优先考虑及时检测和控制这种新出现的病原体，以减轻疾病负担并阻止其传播。