Sustainable wastewater treatment is essential for attaining clean water and sanitation, aligning with UN Sustainable Development Goals. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have utilized environmental microbiomes in biological treatment processes in this effort for over a century. However, the inherent complexity and redundancy of microbial communities, and emerging chemical and biological contaminants, challenge the biotechnology applications. Over the past decades, understanding and utilization of microbial energy metabolism and interaction relationships have revolutionized the biological system. In this review, we discuss how microbiome regulation strategies are being used to generate actionable performance for low-carbon pollutant removal and resource recovery in WWTPs. The engineering application cases also highlight the real feasibility and promising prospects of the microbiome regulation approaches. In conclusion, we recommend identifying environmental risks associated with chemical and biological contaminants transformation as a prerequisite. We propose the integration of gene editing and enzyme design to precisely regulate microbiomes for the synergistic control of both chemical and biological risks. Additionally, the development of integrated technologies and engineering equipment is crucial in addressing the ongoing water crisis. This review advocates for the innovation of conventional wastewater treatment biotechnology to ensure sustainable wastewater treatment.

中文翻译：

---

可持续废水处理的微生物组调节


可持续的废水处理对于实现清洁饮水和卫生设施至关重要，这与联合国可持续发展目标相一致。一个多世纪以来，废水处理厂 （WWTP） 一直在生物处理过程中利用环境微生物组。然而，微生物群落固有的复杂性和冗余性，以及新出现的化学和生物污染物，对生物技术的应用提出了挑战。在过去的几十年里，对微生物能量代谢和相互作用关系的理解和利用已经彻底改变了生物系统。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了如何使用微生物组调节策略来为 WWTP 中的低碳污染物去除和资源回收产生可操作的性能。工程应用案例还突出了微生物组调控方法的真正可行性和前景。总之，我们建议将识别与化学和生物污染物转化相关的环境风险作为先决条件。我们提出将基因编辑和酶设计相结合，以精确调节微生物组，以协同控制化学和生物风险。此外，集成技术和工程设备的开发对于解决持续的水危机至关重要。本综述倡导传统废水处理生物技术的创新，以确保可持续的废水处理。