Rock failure can cause serious geological disasters, and the non-extensive statistical features of electric potential (EP) are expected to provide valuable information for disaster prediction. In this paper, the uniaxial compression experiments with EP monitoring were carried out on fine sandstone, marble and granite samples under four displacement rates. The Tsallis entropy q value of EPs is used to analyze the self-organization evolution of rock failure. Then the influence of displacement rate and rock type on q value are explored by mineral structure and fracture modes. A self-organized critical prediction method with q value is proposed. The results show that the probability density function (PDF) of EPs follows the q-Gaussian distribution. The displacement rate is positively correlated with q value. With the displacement rate increasing, the fracture mode changes, the damage degree intensifies, and the microcrack network becomes denser. The influence of rock type on q value is related to the burst intensity of energy release and the crack fracture mode. The q value of EPs can be used as an effective prediction index for rock failure like b value of acoustic emission (AE). The results provide useful reference and method for the monitoring and early warning of geological disasters.

中文翻译：

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基于非广延电势统计分析的岩石单轴压缩破坏演化及灾害预测


岩石破坏会引发严重的地质灾害，电势（EP）的非广延统计特征有望为灾害预测提供有价值的信息。本文对细砂岩、大理石和花岗岩样品进行了四种位移速率下的单轴压缩实验和EP监测。 EPs的Tsallis熵q值用于分析岩石破坏的自组织演化。然后通过矿物结构和断裂模式探讨了驱替速率和岩石类型对q值的影响。提出了一种带q值的自组织临界预测方法。结果表明，EP 的概率密度函数 (PDF) 服从 q-高斯分布。位移速率与q值正相关。随着位移速率的增加，断裂模式发生变化，损伤程度加剧，微裂纹网络变得更加密集。岩石类型对q值的影响与能量释放的爆发强度和裂纹断裂模式有关。 EP的q值可以像声发射(AE)的b值一样作为岩石破坏的有效预测指标。研究结果为地质灾害监测预警提供了有益的参考和方法。