We present an exploratory cross-linguistic analysis of the quantity of target-child-directed speech and adult-directed speech in North American English (US & Canadian), United Kingdom English, Argentinian Spanish, Tseltal (Tenejapa, Mayan), and Yélî Dnye (Rossel Island, Papuan), using annotations from 69 children aged 2–36 months. Using a novel methodological approach, our cross-linguistic and cross-cultural findings support prior work suggesting that target-child-directed speech quantities are stable across early development, while adult-directed speech decreases. A preponderance of speech from women was found to a similar degree across groups, with less target-child-directed speech from men and children in the North American samples than elsewhere. Consistently across groups, children also heard more adult-directed than target-child-directed speech. Finally, the numbers of talkers present in any given clip strongly impacted children’s moment-to-moment input quantities. These findings illustrate how the structure of home life impacts patterns of early language exposure across diverse developmental contexts.

中文翻译：

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对幼儿日常语言体验的跨语言检查


我们对北美英语（美国和加拿大）、英国英语、阿根廷西班牙语、Tseltal（Tenejapa、玛雅）和 Yélî Dnye 中针对目标儿童的言语和成人的言语数量进行了探索性跨语言分析。 （巴布亚罗塞尔岛），使用了 69 名 2-36 个月大儿童的注释。使用一种新颖的方法，我们的跨语言和跨文化研究结果支持了之前的研究，表明目标儿童定向的言语量在早期发展过程中是稳定的，而成人定向的言语量则减少。研究发现，不同群体中女性的讲话比例相似，但北美样本中男性和儿童的针对目标儿童的讲话少于其他地区。在各个群体中，儿童听到的成人指导性讲话多于目标儿童指导性讲话。最后，任何给定剪辑中出现的讲话者数量都会强烈影响儿童的即时输入量。这些发现说明了家庭生活结构如何影响不同发展背景下的早期语言接触模式。