The scarce literature on the processing of internally headed relative clauses (IHRCs) seems to challenge the universality of the subject advantage (e.g., Lau & Tanaka [2021, Glossa: A Journal of General Linguistics, 6(1), 34], for spoken languages; Hauser et al. [2021, Glossa: A Journal of General Linguistics, 6(1), 72], for sign languages). In this study, we investigate the comprehension of subject and object IHRCs in Italian Sign Language (LIS) deaf native and non-native signers, and hearing LIS/Italian CODAs (children of deaf adults). We use the eye-tracking Visual-only World Paradigm (Hauser & Pozniak [2019, Poster presented at the AMLAP 2019 conference]) recording online and offline responses. Results show that a subject advantage is detected in the online and offline responses of CODAs and in the offline responses of deaf native signers. Results also reveal a higher rate of accuracy in CODAs' responses. We discuss the difference in performance between the two populations in the light of bilingualism-related cognitive advantages, and lack of proper educational training in Italian and LIS for the deaf population in Italy.

中文翻译：

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LIS 内部主语关系从句中的主题优势：一项眼球追踪研究


关于处理内部主语关系从句 (IHRC) 的文献很少，似乎对主语优势的普遍性提出了挑战（例如，Lau & Tanaka [2021, Glossa: A Journal of General Linguistics, 6(1), 34]，对于口语Hauser 等人 [2021, Glossa: A Journal of General Linguistics, 6(1), 72]，针对手语）。在本研究中，我们调查了意大利手语 (LIS) 聋哑母语和非母语手语者以及听力 LIS/意大利 CODA（聋哑成人的孩子）对主语和客体 IHRC 的理解。我们使用眼动追踪纯视觉世界范式（Hauser & Pozniak [2019，海报在 AMLAP 2019 会议上展示]）记录在线和离线响应。结果表明，在 CODA 的在线和离线响应以及聋人母语手语者的离线响应中检测到主体优势。结果还表明 CODA 的响应准确率更高。我们根据双语相关的认知优势以及意大利聋人群体缺乏适当的意大利语和 LIS 教育培训来讨论这两个人群之间的表现差异。