BACKGROUND/AIMS While previous studies suggest that light-to-moderate alcohol consumption may reduce the frailty risk, the dose-response relationship is still under question. To address the knowledge gap, we conducted a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies to examine the association of alcohol consumption with the risk of both prefrailty and frailty in adults. METHODS We searched MEDLINE (Ovid), PubMed and Scopus to identify relevant cohort studies published before 8 May 2024. The dose-response meta-analysis was performed to investigate the associations between alcohol drinking and the risk of developing pre-frailty and frailty. We used random-effects models to calculate pooled relative risks (RR) with 95% CIs. RESULTS We included nine cohort studies with 64 769 participants and 15 075 cases, of which eight studies were rated to have a serious risk of bias as assessed by the ROBINS tool. Based on our analysis, each 12 g increase in alcohol intake did not appear to be associated with risks of prefrailty (RR: 1.08, 95% CI 0.89, 1.31; I2 = 91%, n = 3; GRADE = very low) and frailty (RR: 0.94, 95% CI 0.88, 1.00; I2 = 63%, n = 9; GRADE = low). The nonlinear dose-response meta-analysis indicates a slight inverse association with frailty risk up to an alcohol intake of 20 grams per day, beyond which an upward trend is observed. CONCLUSION The inverse association found between moderate alcohol consumption and frailty risk appears to be stronger among older adults, which might be due to the lower and less popular alcohol consumption among older people than the general population. However, because this finding is based on low-quality evidence, more research is needed to develop specific dietary recommendations for alcohol consumption, particularly among young people.

中文翻译：

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饮酒和虚弱风险：队列研究的剂量反应荟萃分析。


背景/目的虽然之前的研究表明轻度至中度饮酒可能会降低虚弱风险，但剂量-反应关系仍存在疑问。为了解决知识差距，我们对队列研究进行了系统回顾和剂量反应荟萃分析，以研究饮酒与成人衰弱前和衰弱风险之间的关系。方法 我们检索了 MEDLINE (Ovid)、PubMed 和 Scopus，以识别 2024 年 5 月 8 日之前发表的相关队列研究。进行剂量反应荟萃分析以调查饮酒与出现虚弱前和虚弱风险之间的关联。我们使用随机效应模型来计算 95% CI 的汇总相对风险 (RR)。结果 我们纳入了 9 项队列研究，涉及 64 769 名参与者和 15 075 例病例，其中 8 项研究经 ROBINS 工具评估被评为存在严重偏倚风险。根据我们的分析，酒精摄入量每增加 12 克似乎与衰弱前风险（RR：1.08，95% CI 0.89，1.31；I2 = 91%，n = 3；GRADE = 非常低）和衰弱风险相关（RR：0.94，95% CI 0.88，1.00；I2 = 63%，n = 9；等级 = 低）。非线性剂量反应荟萃分析表明，每天酒精摄入量达到 20 克时，与虚弱风险存在轻微的负相关，超过该水平则观察到上升趋势。结论 在老年人中，适量饮酒与虚弱风险之间的负相关性似乎更强，这可能是由于老年人中饮酒量低于一般人群且不太受欢迎。 然而，由于这一发现基于低质量的证据，因此需要更多的研究来制定针对饮酒的具体饮食建议，特别是针对年轻人。