This study examined the association of county-level jail and state-level prison incarceration rates and cancer mortality rates in the United States. Incarceration rates (1995-2018) were sourced from national data and categorized into quartiles. County- and state-level mortality rates (2000-2019) with invasive cancer as the underlying cause of death were obtained from the National Vital Statistics System. Compared with the first quartile (lowest incarceration rate), the second, third, and fourth quartiles (highest incarceration rate) of county-level jail incarceration rate were associated with 1.3%, 2.3%, and 3.9% higher county-level cancer mortality rates, respectively, in adjusted analyses. Compared with the first quartile, the second, third, and fourth quartiles of state-level prison incarceration rate were associated with 1.7%, 2.5%, and 3.9% higher state-level cancer mortality rates, respectively. Associations were more pronounced for liver and lung cancers. Addressing adverse effects of mass incarceration may potentially improve cancer outcomes in affected communities.

中文翻译：

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美国县级监狱和州级监狱的监禁和癌症死亡率


本研究考察了美国县级监狱和州级监狱监禁率与癌症死亡率的关联。监禁率（1995-2018 年）来自国家数据并分为四分位数。以浸润性癌症为潜在死亡原因的县级和州级死亡率 （2000-2019） 是从国家生命统计系统获得的。与第一四分位数（最低监禁率）相比，县级监狱监禁率的第二、第三和第四四分位数（最高监禁率）在调整后的分析中分别与县级癌症死亡率高 1.3%、2.3% 和 3.9% 相关。与第一个四分位数相比，州级监狱监禁率的第二个、第三个和第四个四分位数分别与州级癌症死亡率高出 1.7%、2.5% 和 3.9% 相关。肝癌和肺癌的关联更为明显。解决大规模监禁的不利影响可能会改善受影响社区的癌症预后。