Ebola virus disease kills more than half of people infected. Since the disease is transmitted via close human contact, identifying individuals at the highest risk of developing the disease is possible on the basis of the type of contact (correlated with viral exposure). Different candidates for post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP; ie, vaccines, antivirals, and monoclonal antibodies) each have their specific benefits and limitations, which we discuss in this Viewpoint. Approved monoclonal antibodies have been found to reduce mortality in people with Ebola virus disease. As monoclonal antibodies act swiftly by directly targeting the virus, they are promising candidates for targeted PEP in contacts at high risk of developing disease. This intervention could save lives, halt viral transmission, and, ultimately, help curtail outbreak propagation. We explore how a strategic integration of monoclonal antibodies and vaccines as PEP could provide both immediate and long-term protection against Ebola virus disease, highlighting ongoing clinical research that aims to refine this approach, and discuss the transformative potential of a successful PEP strategy to help control viral haemorrhagic fever outbreaks.

中文翻译：

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通过有针对性的暴露后预防改善埃博拉病毒病疫情控制


埃博拉病毒病导致一半以上感染者死亡。由于该疾病是通过密切的人际接触传播的，因此可以根据接触类型（与病毒暴露相关）来识别患病风险最高的个体。不同的暴露后预防方案（PEP；即疫苗、抗病毒药物和单克隆抗体）各有其特定的优点和局限性，我们将在本观点中对此进行讨论。已发现批准的单克隆抗体可以降低埃博拉病毒病患者的死亡率。由于单克隆抗体可直接针对病毒而迅速发挥作用，因此它们有望成为高风险接触者中靶向 PEP 的候选药物。这种干预措施可以挽救生命，阻止病毒传播，并最终帮助遏制疫情传播。我们探讨了单克隆抗体和疫苗作为 PEP 的战略整合如何提供针对埃博拉病毒病的即时和长期保护，重点介绍了旨在完善这种方法的正在进行的临床研究，并讨论了成功的 PEP 策略的变革潜力，以帮助控制病毒性出血热的爆发。