OBJECTIVE The potential for choline metabolism to influence the development of diabetes has received increased attention. Previous studies on circulating choline metabolites and incident diabetes have been conducted in samples of older adults, often with a high prevalence of risk factors. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Participants were from year 15 of follow-up (2000-2001) in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study (n = 3,133, aged 33–45 years) with plasma choline metabolite (choline, betaine, and trimethylamine N-oxide [TMAO]) data. We quantified associations between choline metabolites and 15-year risk of incident diabetes (n = 387) among participants free of diabetes at baseline using Cox proportional hazards regression models adjusted for sociodemographics, health behaviors, and clinical variables. RESULTS Betaine was inversely associated with 15-year risk of incident diabetes (hazard ratio 0.76 [95% CI 0.67, 0.88] per 1-SD unit betaine), and TMAO was positively associated with 15-year risk of incident diabetes (1.11 [1.01, 1.22] per 1-SD unit). Choline was not significantly associated with 15-year risk of incident diabetes (1.05 [0.94, 1.16] per 1-SD). CONCLUSIONS Our findings are consistent with other published literature supporting a role for choline metabolism in diabetes. Our study extends the current literature by analyzing a racially diverse population-based cohort of early middle-aged individuals in whom preventive activities may be most relevant.

中文翻译：

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成人前瞻性队列中的胆碱代谢物和 15 年糖尿病风险：年轻人冠状动脉风险发展 （CARDIA） 研究


目的 胆碱代谢影响糖尿病发展的可能性受到越来越多的关注。以前关于循环胆碱代谢物和新发糖尿病的研究是在老年人样本中进行的，这些样本通常具有很高的危险因素。研究设计和方法 参与者来自年轻人冠状动脉风险发展 （CARDIA） 研究 （n = 3,133，年龄 33-45 岁） 随访的第 15 年 （2000-2001） 与血浆胆碱代谢物 （胆碱、甜菜碱和三甲胺 N-氧化物 [TMAO]）数据。我们使用针对社会人口统计学、健康行为和临床变量进行调整的 Cox 比例风险回归模型量化了基线时无糖尿病参与者胆碱代谢物与 15 年糖尿病新发风险 （n = 387） 之间的关联。结果 甜菜碱与 15 年糖尿病新发风险呈负相关 （风险比 0.76 [95% CI 0.67， 0.88] 每 1-SD 单位甜菜碱），TMAO 与 15 年糖尿病新发风险呈正相关 （1.11 [1.01， 1.22] 每 1-SD 单位）。胆碱与 15 年糖尿病新发风险无显著相关性 （1.05 [0.94， 1.16] / 1-SD）。结论 我们的研究结果与其他已发表的文献一致，支持胆碱代谢在糖尿病中的作用。我们的研究通过分析基于种族的人群早期中年人队列来扩展当前文献，其中预防活动可能最相关。