BackgroundThe Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study is a longitudinal study of US adolescents with a wide breadth of psychiatric, neuroimaging and genetic data that can be leveraged to better understand psychiatric diseases. The reliability and validity of the psychiatric data collected have not yet been examined. This study aims to explore and optimize the reliability/validity of psychiatric diagnostic constructs in the ABCD study.MethodsParent‐and‐child‐reported psychiatric data for 11,876 children (aged 9.5 ± 0.5 at first assessment) were examined over 4 years to derive specific constructs for psychiatric diagnoses using longitudinal information. Rates of psychiatric disorders were calculated and compared to those reported in the epidemiological literature.ResultsThe rates of self‐reported psychiatric disorders at any single time point (broad diagnostic construct) were higher than indicated by epidemiological studies. Narrow diagnostic constructs, which required the endorsement of psychiatric disorders at a majority of longitudinal assessments, demonstrated a better rate approximation of literature‐reported prevalences for most disorders (e.g. the prevalence of broad obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD) was 13.3% compared to narrow OCD at 2.6% and a literature‐reported prevalence of 2.3%). Analysis of comorbidity, using OCD as a representative example, also showed a better approximation of literature‐reported comorbidity rates using the narrow construct, with some exceptions.ConclusionsSelf‐ or parent‐report‐based assessments tend to overestimate prevalences of psychiatric disorders in the ABCD Study, particularly when longitudinal data are summed to create lifetime prevalences. Such assessments should be accompanied by more in‐depth assessments or clinician‐administered structured interviews if using data where accurate disorder classifications are paramount.

中文翻译：

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纵向研究中自我或父母报告的精神病表型的优化


背景青少年大脑认知发展（ABCD）研究是一项针对美国青少年的纵向研究，拥有广泛的精神病学、神经影像学和遗传数据，可用于更好地了解精神疾病。所收集的精神病学数据的可靠性和有效性尚未得到检验。本研究旨在探索和优化 ABCD 研究中精神科诊断结构的可靠性/有效性。方法对 11,876 名儿童（首次评估时年龄为 9.5 ± 0.5 岁）的家长和儿童报告的精神科数据进行了 4 年多的检查，以得出具体的结构使用纵向信息进行精神病诊断。计算精神疾病的发生率并与流行病学文献中报告的结果进行比较。结果任何单一时间点（广泛的诊断结构）自我报告的精神疾病的发生率均高于流行病学研究表明的水平。狭义诊断结构需要在大多数纵向评估中认可精神疾病，它证明了大多数疾病的文献报告患病率有更好的近似率（例如，与狭义强迫症（OCD）相比，广义强迫症（OCD）的患病率为 13.3%）强迫症为 2.6%，文献报道的患病率为 2.3%）。以强迫症为代表的合并症分析也表明，使用狭义结构可以更好地近似文献报告的合并症率，但有一些例外。结论基于自我或家长报告的评估往往会高估 ABCD 中精神疾病的患病率研究，特别是对纵向数据进行汇总以得出终生患病率时。 如果使用准确的疾病分类至关重要的数据，此类评估应伴随更深入的评估或临床医生进行的结构化访谈。