This study examines the impact of digital integration on the environmental sustainability of European companies from 2016 to 2022, focusing on emissions reduction, environmental innovation, and resource efficiency. Using a two-stage system generalized method of moments (GMM) model and quantile regression with instrumental variables on panel data, we investigate how digital technologies influence corporate sustainability practices. Descriptive statistics reveal significant variation in digital technology adoption and environmental performance among the 22 European countries studied. Pearson's correlation matrix and variance inflation factor analyses confirm the absence of multicollinearity among the variables. The empirical results from the two-stage GMM model demonstrate that digital integration positively affects emissions reduction, environmental innovation, and resource efficiency. These findings are consistent across different quantiles, indicating that digital integration benefits companies regardless of their initial sustainability levels. However, the impact is more pronounced for companies with lower initial performance. The Hansen test validates the instruments used, and the absence of second-order serial correlation supports the robustness of our GMM model estimations. The positive relationship between past and current sustainability performance underscores the dynamic nature of corporate environmental practices. Our study highlights the crucial role of digital integration in promoting sustainable business practices and offers significant implications for policymakers and business managers. Companies are encouraged to assess their digital environmental footprints, invest in sustainable technologies, and adopt green innovations. Policymakers should support the development of digital industries and facilitate their integration into traditional sectors to enhance overall sustainability. The findings contribute to understanding how digital transformation can drive environmental sustainability, providing a foundation for future research on the intersection of digital technologies and corporate sustainability practices.

中文翻译：

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数字集成对企业可持续发展的影响：欧洲的减排、环境创新和资源效率


本研究探讨了 2016 年至 2022 年数字化整合对欧洲企业环境可持续性的影响，重点关注减排、环境创新和资源效率。我们使用两阶段系统广义矩法 (GMM) 模型和面板数据工具变量的分位数回归，研究数字技术如何影响企业可持续发展实践。描述性统计数据显示，所研究的 22 个欧洲国家在数字技术采用和环境绩效方面存在显着差异。 Pearson 相关矩阵和方差膨胀因子分析证实变量之间不存在多重共线性。两阶段GMM模型的实证结果表明，数字化集成对减排、环境创新和资源效率产生积极影响。这些发现在不同的分位数中是一致的，表明数字集成使公司受益，无论其最初的可持续发展水平如何。然而，对于初始业绩较低的公司来说，影响更为明显。 Hansen 测试验证了所使用的工具，并且二阶序列相关性的缺失支持了我们的 GMM 模型估计的稳健性。过去和当前可持续发展绩效之间的正相关关系强调了企业环境实践的动态性质。我们的研究强调了数字集成在促进可持续商业实践中的关键作用，并为政策制定者和企业管理者提供了重大影响。鼓励公司评估其数字环境足迹、投资可持续技术并采用绿色创新。 政策制定者应支持数字产业的发展并促进其与传统部门的融合，以增强整体可持续性。研究结果有助于理解数字化转型如何推动环境可持续性，为未来数字技术与企业可持续发展实践的交叉研究奠定了基础。