Buried pipelines are one of the critical lifeline structures, and the evaluation of pipeline performance under seismic faulting is essential for protection of pipeline networks. This paper explores an analytical solution incorporating implementation of Winkler models around a beam-type structure using the finite difference method to evaluate the pipeline response under normal faulting. The effectiveness of the analytical solution is assessed by comparing the calculated pipe strains with centrifuge and full-scale laboratory testing measurements. Subsequently, the effect of pipe size, faulting condition, and burial condition on pipe response are investigated. It can be found that a pipeline with a smaller pipe wall thickness or larger pipe diameter is generally more prone to failure. Larger pipe wall thickness or lower / ratio should be used for pipe design crossing an active fault. In geotechnically problematic areas, shallow burial depth and less stiff soil with lower modulus are recommended to reduce the probability of exceedance of allowable limit states due to normal faulting. In the end, empirical functions relating to critical / ratio are proposed to evaluate the critical states of fault displacement, burial depth, and spread of fault rupture with different diameter-to-thickness ratio considering the controlled limit of failure modes.

中文翻译：

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正常故障下管道响应的简化解析解


埋地管道是重要的生命线结构之一，地震断层作用下的管道性能评估对于管网的保护至关重要。本文探索了一种分析解决方案，结合了围绕梁型结构的温克勒模型的实施，使用有限差分法来评估正常故障下的管道响应。通过将计算出的管道应变与离心机和全尺寸实验室测试测量结果进行比较来评估分析解决方案的有效性。随后，研究了管道尺寸、故障条件和埋藏条件对管道响应的影响。可以发现，管壁厚度较小或管径较大的管道​​一般更容易发生故障。跨越活动断层的管道设计应采用较大的管道​​壁厚或较低的/比值。在岩土工程问题区域，建议采用浅埋深和低模量、硬度较低的土壤，以减少由于正常断层而超出允许极限状态的可能性。最后，考虑破坏模式的受控极限，提出了与临界/比率相关的经验函数来评估不同径厚比的断层位移、埋藏深度和断层破裂扩展的临界状态。