Individuals with excessive adipose tissue and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) face a heightened risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Metabolic surgery is an effective therapy for people with severe obesity to achieve significant weight loss. Additionally, metabolic surgery improves blood glucose levels and can lead to T2DM remission, reducing major adverse cardiovascular outcomes (MACE). Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are a class of medication that effectively reduce body weight and MACE in patients with T2DM. This review explores the potential mechanisms underlying the cardioprotective benefits of metabolic surgery and GLP-1RA-based therapies and discusses recent evidence and emerging therapies in this dynamic area of research.

中文翻译：

---

代谢手术和 GLP-1 受体激动剂疗法的心脏保护作用。


脂肪组织过多和 2 型糖尿病 (T2DM) 的个体面临更高的心血管发病率和死亡率风险。代谢手术是严重肥胖症患者实现显着减肥的有效疗法。此外，代谢手术可改善血糖水平，并可缓解 T2DM，减少主要不良心血管结局 (MACE)。胰高血糖素样肽 1 (GLP-1) 受体激动剂 (GLP-1RA) 是一类可有效减轻 T2DM 患者体重和 MACE 的药物。本综述探讨了代谢手术和基于 GLP-1RA 的疗法的心脏保护作用的潜在机制，并讨论了这一动态研究领域的最新证据和新兴疗法。