Research examining gender differences in perseverative cognition (repetitive, negative, and difficult-to-control thoughts) has focused on depressive rumination and internalizing syndromes. This study examines the transdiagnostic role of depressive rumination, anger rumination, and repetitive negative thinking across gender on internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Utilizing an ethnoracially diverse sample (33% Black, 35% Latinx, 32% White non-Hispanic) of n = 1,187 young adults (49.5% women), we found equivalent instrument functioning across gender for depressive rumination (specifically brooding), anger rumination, and internalizing problems. Differential item functioning was found for repetitive negative thinking and externalizing problems; partial metric and scalar invariance were established for repetitive negative thinking, and partial metric invariance was established for externalizing problems. After accounting for bias in measurement, women engaged in more perseverative cognition, though effects were small for brooding and anger rumination and large for repetitive negative thinking. Different types of perseverations were positively associated with internalizing and externalizing symptoms across gender. Perseverative cognition may be a transdiagnostic mechanism beyond internalizing problems. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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重新审视性别差异和持久认知的各种概念化的跨诊断界限。


研究持续性认知（重复、消极和难以控制的想法）中的性别差异的研究重点是抑郁性沉思和内化综合症。这项研究探讨了抑郁沉思、愤怒沉思和跨性别的重复消极思维对内化和外化症状的跨诊断作用。利用 n = 1,187 名年轻人（49.5% 女性）的种族多样化样本（33% 黑人、35% 拉丁裔、32% 非西班牙裔白人），我们发现不同性别的抑郁沉思（特别是沉思）、愤怒沉思的工具功能相同，以及内化问题。对于重复的消极思维和外化问题，发现了不同的项目功能；部分度量不变性和标量不变性是针对重复的消极思维而建立的，部分度量不变性是针对外化问题而建立的。在考虑了测量偏差后，女性进行了更持久的认知，尽管对沉思和愤怒沉思的影响较小，而对重复的消极思考的影响较大。不同类型的坚持与不同性别的内化和外化症状呈正相关。持续认知可能是一种超越内化问题的跨诊断机制。 （PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2024 APA，保留所有权利）。