Elite individual sports in which success depends on power, speed or endurance are conventionally divided into male and female events using traditional binary definitions of sex. Male puberty creates durable physical advantages due to the 20-30-fold increase in circulating testosterone producing a sustained uplift in men's muscle, bone, hemoglobin, and cardiorespiratory function resulting from male puberty and sustained during men's lives. These male physical advantages provide strong justification for separate protected category of female events allowing women to achieve the fame and fortune from success they would be denied if competing against men. Recent wider social acceptance of transgender individuals, together with the less recognized involvement of intersex (46 XY DSD) individuals, challenge and threaten to defeat the sex classifications for elite individual female events. This can create unfair advantages if seeking inclusion into elite female events of unmodified male-bodied athletes with female gender identity who have gained the physical advantages of male puberty. Based on reproductive physiology, this paper proposes a working definition of sport sex based primarily on an individual's experience of male puberty and can be applied to transgender and various XY intersex conditions. Consistent with the multidimensionality of biological sex (chromosomal, genetic, hormonal, anatomical sex), this definition may be viewed as a multistrand cable whose overall strength survives when any single strand weakens or fails, rather than as a unidimensional chain whose strength is only as good as its weakest link.

中文翻译：

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走向运动性的稳健定义。


精英个人运动的成功取决于力量、速度或耐力，通常使用传统的二元性别定义将其分为男性和女性项目。男性青春期创造了持久的身体优势，因为循环睾酮增加了 20-30 倍，导致男性肌肉、骨骼、血红蛋白和心肺功能持续提升，并在男性一生中持续存在。这些男性的身体优势为单独受保护的女性赛事类别提供了强有力的理由，使女性能够从与男性竞争时无法获得的成功中获得名誉和财富。最近社会对变性个体的更广泛接受，加上双性人（46 XY DSD）个体的参与较少被认可，挑战并威胁到精英个体女性活动的性别分类。如果寻求将具有女性性别认同且已获得男性青春期身体优势的未修饰男性身体运动员纳入女子精英赛事，这可能会产生不公平的优势。本文基于生殖生理学，主要基于个人的男性青春期经历，提出了运动性的工作定义，并且可以应用于跨性别者和各种 XY 双性条件。与生物性别（染色体、遗传、激素、解剖性别）的多维性一致，这个定义可以被视为一条多股电缆，当任何单股减弱或失效时，其整体强度仍能幸存，而不是被视为一条单维链，其强度仅相当于作为其最薄弱的环节。