In competitive and elite sports, mental health and athletic performance cannot be considered separately. Mental disorders in sports are bidirectionally associated with reduced athletic performance. A decline in performance, both within and outside of sport, can be a sign of mental disorder. Additionally, poor athletic performance is a potential risk factor for mental disorders in athletes. The central role sports psychiatrists play in the mental health of athletes is well‐established. However, their role in athletic performance is less well‐described and more controversial, perhaps due to a perception that performance is purely a secondary outcome of good mental health. This paper discusses the role that sports psychiatrists can play in athletic performance within competitive and elite sports. Performance can be distinguished into three key focus areas for sports psychiatrists: (i) performance restoration, (ii) performance maintenance, and (iii) performance enhancement. These should be considered throughout the continuum of mental health care, from prevention, treatment, to ongoing care for mental disorders. When reduced performance is due to a mental disorder, psychiatric treatment should purposefully aim to restore functioning and performance as part of management. Maintenance of performance is, similarly, an important element of the prevention, psychiatric treatment, and ongoing care of mental disorders. Holistic sports psychiatrists may also choose to aim for athletic performance enhancement beyond the context of mental health symptoms and disorders, to help athletes flourish and achieve their goals.

中文翻译：

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运动精神病学家在运动表现恢复、维持和增强方面的作用被低估


在竞技和精英运动中，心理健康和运动表现不能分开考虑。运动中的精神障碍与运动成绩下降双向相关。运动内外的表现下降可能是精神障碍的征兆。此外，运动表现不佳是运动员精神障碍​​的潜在危险因素。运动精神科医生在运动员心理健康方面发挥的核心作用是众所周知的。然而，他们在运动表现中的作用却没有得到很好的描述，而且争议也更大，这可能是因为人们认为表现纯粹是良好心理健康的次要结果。本文讨论了运动精神病学家在竞技和精英运动中的运动表现中可以发挥的作用。运动精神病学家可以将表现分为三个关键关注领域：（i）表现恢复，（ii）表现维持，以及（iii）表现增强。这些应该在精神卫生保健的整个过程中予以考虑，从精神障碍的预防、治疗到持续护理。当表现下降是由于精神障碍造成时，精神科治疗应有目的地恢复功能和表现，作为管理的一部分。同样，保持表现也是精神障碍预防、精神治疗和持续护理的重要组成部分。整体运动精神病学家也可能选择在心理健康症状和疾病的背景下提高运动表现，以帮助运动员蓬勃发展并实现他们的目标。