This paper takes a multi-level approach to gain a better understanding of (tourism) gentrification and tourism excesses in three popular tourist neighbourhoods in Valencia, Spain. This city radically changed tourism policies in 2015, from a top-down approach that was focused on economic growth, towards one in which localhood and community development are stimulated. However, the change has done little to mitigate issues related to high levels of gentrification and touristification. This issue has been investigated using adaptive cycles and panarchy as a framework. Using these concepts has helped clarify how current policies mainly stimulate bottom-up innovations to overcome the lack of creative capacity at the local level (in other words, the ‘poverty trap’). Yet they insufficiently address processes that relate to the worldviews and higher governance levels that contribute to maintaining the current economic growth-oriented tourism ecosystem (the ‘rigidity trap’). The implications of our findings and ways forward conclude the paper.

中文翻译：

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利用适应性循环和泛政治来了解西班牙巴伦西亚的旅游化和高档化过程


本文采用多层次方法来更好地了解西班牙巴伦西亚三个热门旅游街区的（旅游）士绅化和旅游过度行为。 2015 年，这座城市彻底改变了旅游政策，从注重经济增长的自上而下的方法转向刺激当地和社区发展的方法。然而，这一变化并没有缓解与高水平高档化和旅游化相关的问题。已经使用适应性循环和泛权制作为框架来研究这个问题。使用这些概念有助于阐明当前政策如何主要刺激自下而上的创新，以克服地方层面缺乏创造力的问题（换句话说，“贫困陷阱”）。然而，它们没有充分解决与世界观和更高治理水平相关的流程，而这些流程有助于维持当前以经济增长为导向的旅游生态系统（“刚性陷阱”）。我们的研究结果的意义和前进的方向对本文进行了总结。