This study aimed to compare the effect between game-based approaches (GBAs) and traditional skill approaches on decision-making, knowledge and motor skill in physical education students and athletes. A systematic review and meta-analysis of experimental studies available before October 2023 was conducted. The initial search yielded 8431 articles, with 28 articles ( n = 1600) meeting the inclusion criteria. Studies were analyzed using three-level random-effects models with a robust variance estimation. Outcomes were computed as raw mean differences and Hedges’s g effect sizes. Results indicate that GBAs have a positive heterogeneous effect on decision-making in game situations (ES = 11.41%; 95% CI [4.39, 18.43]) and motor skill in skill tests ( g = 0.36; 95% CI [0.14, 0.57]). GBAs did not have an effect on knowledge ( g = 0 .37; 95% CI [−0.12, 0.86]) or motor skill in game situations (ES = 1.13%; 95% CI [−2.43, 4.68]). Meta-regression analyses revealed that the experience of the interventionist, the quality of the studies, and the comparison condition significantly influence the impact of GBAs on motor skill tests. More detailed and transparent reporting of trials would benefit the field.

中文翻译：

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基于游戏的方法对决策、知识和运动技能的影响：系统回顾和多层次荟萃分析

本研究旨在比较基于游戏的方法（GBA）和传统技能方法对体育学生和运动员的决策、知识和运动技能的影响。对 2023 年 10 月之前可用的实验研究进行了系统回顾和荟萃分析。初始搜索产生 8431 篇文章，其中 28 篇文章 (n = 1600) 符合纳入标准。使用具有稳健方差估计的三水平随机效应模型对研究进行分析。结果计算为原始平均差和 Hedges 的 g 效应大小。结果表明，GBA 对游戏情境中的决策（ES = 11.41%；95% CI [4.39, 18.43]）和技能测试中的运动技能（ g = 0.36；95% CI [0.14, 0.57]）具有积极的异质性影响）。 GBA 对游戏情境中的知识（g = 0 .37；95% CI [−0.12, 0.86]）或运动技能（ES = 1.13%；95% CI [−2.43, 4.68]）没有影响。元回归分析显示，干预者的经验、研究质量和比较条件显着影响 GBA 对运动技能测试的影响。更详细和透明的试验报告将使该领域受益。