Objectives:This systematic literature review synthesizes and assesses empirical research concerning the use of the built environment as a therapeutic intervention in adult mental health inpatient facilities. The review explores the impact of facility design on patient outcomes.Background:There is a growing recognition that the built environment in mental health facilities must strike a balance between ensuring safety and providing a therapeutic atmosphere. A review addressing how facility design contributes to this therapeutic environment is warranted.Methods:Database searches were conducted in CINAHL, Embase, PsychInfo, PubMed, and Web of Science from inception up to March 10, 2022. The Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN50) critical appraisal checklists were used to assess the quality of included studies.Results:Of the 44 peer-reviewed studies identified from nine countries, several factors emerged as vital for the therapeutic environment in mental health inpatient facilities. These included personal spaces prioritizing privacy and control of the environment, daylight-optimized spaces, versatile communal areas promoting activities and interaction, designated areas for visits and spiritual/contemplative reflection, homelike environments, the inclusion of artwork in units, open nursing stations, and dedicated female-only areas. Yet, there is a need for research yielding stronger evidence-based designs harmonizing with therapeutic needs.Conclusion:This review offers initial guidance on designing mental health facilities that foster a therapeutic environment, while highlighting that the influence of facility design on mental health inpatients is considerably under-researched.

中文翻译：

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建筑环境作为精神卫生机构治疗干预的作用：系统文献综述


目的：本系统文献综述综合并评估了有关使用建筑环境作为成人心理健康住院设施的治疗干预的实证研究。该综述探讨了设施设计对患者治疗结果的影响。背景：人们越来越认识到，精神卫生设施的建筑环境必须在确保安全和提供治疗氛围之间取得平衡。有必要对设施设计如何促进这种治疗环境进行审查。方法：从成立到 2022 年 3 月 10 日，在 CINAHL、Embase、PsychInfo、PubMed 和 Web of Science 中进行了数据库搜索。苏格兰校际指南网络 (SIGN50)使用严格的评估清单来评估纳入研究的质量。结果：在来自 9 个国家的 44 项同行评审研究中，有几个因素对精神卫生住院机构的治疗环境至关重要。其中包括优先考虑隐私和环境控制的个人空间、日光优化的空间、促进活动和互动的多功能公共区域、指定的参观和精神/沉思反思区域、温馨的环境、单位内的艺术品、开放的护理站以及专门的女性专用区域。然而，研究需要产生更强有力的、基于证据的设计，与治疗需求相协调。结论：本综述为设计促进治疗环境的精神卫生设施提供了初步指导，同时强调设施设计对精神卫生住院患者的影响研究还相当不足。