Children who receive cochlear implants develop spoken language on a protracted timescale. The home environment facilitates speech-language development, yet it is relatively unknown how the environment differs between children with cochlear implants and typical hearing. We matched eighteen preschoolers with implants (31-65 months) to two groups of children with typical hearing: by chronological age and hearing age. Each child completed a long-form, naturalistic audio recording of their home environment (appx. 16 hours/child; >730 hours of observation) to measure adult speech input, child vocal productivity, and caregiver-child interaction. Results showed that children with cochlear implants and typical hearing were exposed to and engaged in similar amounts of spoken language with caregivers. However, the home environment did not reflect developmental stages as closely for children with implants, or predict their speech outcomes as strongly. Home-based speech-language interventions should focus on the unique input-outcome relationships for this group of children with hearing loss.

中文翻译：

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植入和未植入人工耳蜗的学龄前儿童的日常言语环境


接受人工耳蜗植入的儿童会在很长一段时间内发展口语。家庭环境有利于言语发展，但目前尚不清楚植入人工耳蜗的儿童与正常听力儿童的环境有何不同。我们将 18 名植入植入物的学龄前儿童（31-65 个月）与两组具有典型听力的儿童进行匹配：按实际年龄和听力年龄进行匹配。每个孩子都完成了对其家庭环境的长篇自然录音（每个孩子约 16 小时；> 730 小时的观察），以测量成人语音输入、儿童发声效率以及看护者与儿童的互动。结果显示，植入人工耳蜗且听力正常的儿童与看护者接触并使用相似数量的口语。然而，家庭环境并不能很好地反映植入植入物的儿童的发育阶段，也不能强烈地预测他们的言语结果。家庭言语干预应重点关注这组听力损失儿童的独特输入-结果关系。