This research aimed to study the diversity of soft scale parasitoids and examine their potential in the biological control of harmful Coccidae on cultivated and ornamental plants. Forty species of parasitoid wasps from four families (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) were reared and determined from 16 species of soft scales (Hemiptera: Coccidae). A total of 6,249 individuals of parasitoid wasps were collected from 35 localities in Serbia from 2014 to 2017. The most numerous genera are Metaphycus with 10, Coccophagus with 7, and Blastothrix with five reared species. The most abundant species is C. lycimnia, reared from second-instar larvae of all 16 species of scale insects and from females of 11 soft scale species, with a total of 1,053 individuals. Of the 40 identified species, 15 are new to the fauna of Serbia: Coccophagus piceae, Coccophagus proximus, Coccophagus silvestrii, Encarsia gigas (Aphelinidae), Adelencyrtus intersectus, Anagyrus schoenherri, Blastothrix brittanica, Blastothrix erythrostetha, Blastothrix hedqvisti, Encyrtus infidus, Metaphycus hageni, Metaphycus stanleyi, Metaphycus unicolor, Microterys hortulanus (Encyrtidae) and Eunotus obscurus (Pteromalidae). Ninety-nine (99) hymenopteran/coccoid associations were identified in this study, of which 16 associations are new.

本研究旨在研究软鳞寄生蜂的多样性，并探讨其在对栽培和观赏植物有害球虫进行生物防治方面的潜力。饲养并测定了来自 4 个科（膜翅目：小蜂总科）的 40 种寄生蜂，并对 16 种软鳞类（半翅目：球虫科）进行了鉴定。 2014年至2017年，在塞尔维亚35个地点总共采集了6,249只寄生蜂。最多的属是Metaphycus（10个）、Coccophagus（7个）和Blastothrix（5个饲养品种）。最丰富的物种是C。lycimnia，由所有 16 种介壳虫的二龄幼虫和 11 种软介虫的雌虫饲养而成，总共 1,053 个体。在已确定的 40 个物种中，有 15 个是塞尔维亚动物区系新物种：Coccophagus piceae、Coccophagus proximus、Coccophagus silvestrii、Encarsia gigas（Aphelinidae）、Adelencyrtus intersectus、Anagyrus schoenherri、Blastothrix Brittanica、Blastothrix erythrostetha、Blastothrix hedqvis , , , , , , , , , , , ,、Metaphycus stanleyi、Metaphycus unicolor、Microterys hortulanus (Encyrtidae) 和Eunotus obscurus (Pteromalidae)。本研究确定了九十九 (99) 个膜翅目/球状昆虫关联，其中 16 个是新的关联。