Purpose of Review

To describe how general prescriptions to protect temperate and boreal forests against pests have been affecting the conservation of insect diversity, (2) to identify potential conflicts between biodiversity conservation actions and pest control, and (3) to provide future directions to reconcile forest pest management with insect conservation.

Recent Findings

Despite dealing with the same habitats and organisms, forest pest management and insect conservation have been separate disciplines, often pursuing conflicting goals. However, there is a large intersection between the two, as interventions to control pests can have repercussions on biodiversity and vice versa. In several regions, forest pest management is shifting from reactive measures to contain on-going outbreaks to proactive strategies to create forest landscapes that are more resistant and resilient against pests in the long-term. These developments suggest a possible convergence between pest management and insect conservation objectives.

Summary

Several reactive measures adopted to control pests can cause negative impacts on non-target insects, although effects are sometimes localized and often context-dependent. Following ecological, economic, and social considerations, pest management has been evolving towards diversifying forests across multiple spatial scales to reduce the severity of outbreaks and the risk of damage. Such strategies concur with multiple conservation goals to increase insect diversity across intensive forest landscapes. Insect conservation has traditionally targeted saproxylic organisms, neglecting the conservation of other insect guilds and seldom assessing side effects on pests. Despite some important knowledge gaps, we propose complementary approaches to combine multiple diversification strategies at the landscape scale to reconcile pest management with insect conservation.

中文翻译：

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调和温带和北方森林害虫管理与昆虫保护的策略和障碍

审查目的

描述保护温带和北方森林免受害虫侵害的一般规定如何影响昆虫多样性的保护，(2) 确定生物多样性保护行动与害虫控制之间的潜在冲突，以及 (3) 提供协调森林害虫管理的未来方向与昆虫保护。

最近的发现

尽管涉及相同的栖息地和生物体，但森林病虫害管理和昆虫保护一直是不同的学科，往往追求相互冲突的目标。然而，两者之间存在很大的交叉点，因为控制害虫的干预措施可能会对生物多样性产生影响，反之亦然。在一些地区，森林害虫管理正在从遏制持续爆发的反应性措施转向积极主动的策略，以创造对害虫具有长期抵抗力和复原力的森林景观。这些进展表明害虫管理和昆虫保护目标之间可能存在融合。

概括

为控制害虫而采取的几种反应性措施可能会对非目标昆虫造成负面影响，尽管影响有时是局部性的，并且往往取决于具体情况。出于生态、经济和社会方面的考虑，害虫管理已朝着跨多个空间尺度的森林多样化发展，以降低疫情爆发的严重程度和损害风险。这些策略与多个保护目标相一致，以增加密集森林景观中的昆虫多样性。昆虫保护传统上以腐木生物为目标，忽视了其他昆虫类群的保护，也很少评估对害虫的副作用。尽管存在一些重要的知识差距，我们提出了补充方法，在景观尺度上结合多种多样化策略，以协调害虫管理与昆虫保护。