Laser therapy has shown promising outcomes in treating infantile hemangiomas. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying laser treatment for IH remain incompletely elucidated. This study aimed to unravel the molecular mechanisms of laser therapy in IH treatment. We evaluated the inhibitory effects of laser treatment on the proliferation and promotion of apoptosis in human hemangioma endothelial cells (HemECs) through cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, Hoechst 33342 staining, and flow cytometric analysis. Transcriptome sequencing analysis of HemECs following laser treatment revealed a significant decrease in the expression level of the GSTM5 gene. The qRT-PCR and western blot analysis also showed that GSTM5 expression in HemECs was downregulated compared to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and concomitantly, the p62-Nrf2 pathway was suppressed. Using siRNA to downregulate GSTM5 expression, we observed that inhibiting GSTM5 expression could restrain cell proliferation, elevate intracellular ROS levels, and induce apoptosis in HemECs. Furthermore, upon inhibition of the p62-Nrf2 pathway using p62-specific siRNA, a significant decrease in GSTM5 expression and an elevation in intracellular ROS levels were noted in laser-treated HemECs. These findings suggested that laser treatment may operate by inhibiting the p62-Nrf2 pathway, thereby downregulating GSTM5 expression, elevating ROS levels, and consequently inducing apoptosis in HemECs.

激光疗法在治疗婴儿血管瘤方面显示出良好的效果。然而，激光治疗 IH 的分子机制仍未完全阐明。本研究旨在揭示激光疗法在 IH 治疗中的分子机制。我们通过细胞计数试剂盒-8 (CCK-8) 检测、Hoechst 33342 染色和流式细胞术分析评估激光治疗对人血管瘤内皮细胞 (HemEC) 增殖和促进凋亡的抑制作用。激光治疗后 HemEC 的转录组测序分析显示 GSTM5 基因的表达水平显着下降。 qRT-PCR 和蛋白质印迹分析还表明，与人脐静脉内皮细胞 (HUVEC) 相比，HemEC 中 GSTM5 的表达下调，同时 p62-Nrf2 通路受到抑制。使用siRNA下调GSTM5表达，我们观察到抑制GSTM5表达可以抑制细胞增殖，提高细胞内ROS水平，并诱导HemEC细胞凋亡。此外，在使用 p62 特异性 siRNA 抑制 p62-Nrf2 通路后，在激光处理的 HemEC 中发现 GSTM5 表达显着降低，细胞内 ROS 水平升高。这些发现表明，激光治疗可能通过抑制 p62-Nrf2 通路来发挥作用，从而下调 GSTM5 表达，提高 ROS 水平，从而诱导 HemEC 细胞凋亡。